The Cane Grubs of Australia. 9 
Stage IJ.—Greatest length, 47 mm.: width, 16 mm.; length in natural 
eurved position, 26 mm.; thickness. 15 mm.; width of head, 7 mm.; length 
te apex of labrum, 6-5 mm. 
Differing markedly from Stage III. in that the pubescence is not 
nearly so distinct, being shorter and less dense on the body and of a 
lighter colour; the peritremes are distinctly open, the slit thus being 
wider; the head is comparatively much narrower and not so dark in 
colour; second antennal joint not twice as long as greatest width; dorsal 
eroove of mandible without a seta and no seta at base of second apical 
tooth. Freshly molted specimens have the pubescence longer. and the 
body colour more bluish. The stage bears a very decided superficial 
resemblance to Stage III. of Dasygnathus australis. 
Stage I.—Greatest length, 23 mm.; width, 6-5 mm.; leneth in natural 
curved position, 13 mm.; thickness, 6 mm.; width of head, 4-25 mm.; 
length to apex of labrum, 3-75 mm. Pubescence sparser than in Stage 
If.; coloured portions of body still lighter. 
DASYGNATHUS AUSTRALIS Boisd. 
Stage I11,—Creamy or yellowish, opaque, the last abdominal segment 
blue; head and peritremes reddish brown, also the antenne (the joints 
ringed with white at apex and with the usual white spots on apical 
jeint) ; mandibles black, except at base; latero-cervical shield golden 
yellow, the legs and palpi paler yellow. Greatest length when extended, 
88 mim.; width at base of anal segment. 11 mm.; length in normal curved 
position, 18 mm.; thickness, 10 mm.; width cf head, 7 mm.; length to 
apex of labrum 6-75 mm. 
Epicranium punctate as in Xylotrupes, the punctures rather finer 
and denser, its lateral and caudal margins with only a very few scattered 
sete. Clypeus apparently with only one seta on each lateral margin. 
Labrum with a single hair on either side in centre and one in each caudo- 
lateral and cephalo-lateral angles, the cephalic margin with the usual eye- 
lash-like sete. Antenne much as in Yylotrupes but the second joint is 
one-half longer than either first or third, the last joint as long or slightly 
longer than third. Mandibles shghtly longer than width at base (includ- 
ing retinaculum), very similar to those of Yylotrupes but the third 
teoth (near retinaculum) not so obtuse, not indicated on right mandible. 
Retinaculum on left mandible tridentate dorsad, the proximal thorn-like 
tooth not present, the distal tooth massive, all three obtuse; instead of the 
fourth (proximal) tooth there is a fleshy conical projection with a clump 
of short, stout sete at its apex; penicellus semicircular and arising at 
proximal base of this projection. Retinaculum on right mandible dorsad 
about tridentate, the proximad tooth massive, all obtuse; penicellus in a 
clump proximad on proximal tooth, the conical projection absent. Apical 
jeint of maxillary palpus barely twice as long as wide. Stout, black 
teeth at apex of lacinia and galea not so distinct, only three present, the 
inner two small. Thoracic peritreme distinctly open in centre of flat 
caudal margin, the abdominal ones in centre of cephalic margins. Latero- 
cervical shield one-half wider than greatest length (ecephalo-caudad), its 
cephalic margin nearly straight, the two caudal sides of almost equal 
length, wholly without clothing, except for one long seta at dorso-caudal 
angle on caudal margin. Legs distinctly increasing in size caudad, the 
hind femur over one-half longer than cephalic femur; similar to Yylo- 
‘trupes. Incisions of body segments as in Vylotrupes. Clothing of body 
