THE ENGLISH LAKE DISTRICT. 107 
inches, respectively. It may be observed, that the fall of rain im 1852 has been 
relatively much greater in the Westmoreland than in the Cumberland portion of 
the district. 
In January and February, the fall at Seathwaite was 47-70 inches, and, in 
November and December, it amounted to 50°30 inches; so that, of 156°74 inches 
precipitated at the head of Borrowdale in 1852, exactly 98 inches descended in 
four months, whilst 58°74 inches were distributed over the remaining eight months 
of the year. 
On the 11th and 12th of December, the quantity of rain measured at Stone- 
thwaite (for 48 hours) was 9*11 inches; on five days in this month, the fall 
amounted to 16:36 inches ; and, on eight days, to 20:97 inches! ! 
1653.—Among several anomalous and opposite characteristics presented by 
the years 1852 and 1853, the departure from the average in the rain fall is the 
most obvious and remarkable. While the former is the wettest, the latter is the 
driest year within the period comprehended by the Lake District observations. 
In 1852, the depth of water deposited by the atmosphere at Seathwaite was 
equivalent to 156°74 inches; and, in 1853, to 113°69 inches; a difference of 43 
inches—nearly corresponding to the average annual fall at Whitehaven in the 
last ten years. 
Notwithstanding the great deficit in the quantity of rain, the wet days at Seath- 
waite are two more than the average number; and, at Whitehaven, they amount 
to four, and, at the Flosh, to eight mov than the number in the preceding memor- 
ably wet year. In both years, the Springs were unusually dry, and the fall of 
rain in the first six months was below an average quantity. The depth of rain 
measured at Seathwaite in December, was 1} inch; in the corresponding month 
of 1852, the fall amounted to 32°83 inches; and, at Stonethwaite, to 33-03 inches. 
The Table (No. XXII.) exhibiting the rain fall in the Lake District Valleys 
during the last ten years, requires very little comment. 
The greatest annual fall at Seathwaite was 160-9 inches, in 1844; the least, 
113°7 inches, in 1853. The greatest monthly fall was 32°83 inches, in December, 
1852. The greatest depth measured in 24 hours was 6°62 inches, in November, 
1846; and, in 48 consecutive hours, 9:62 inches on the 25th and 26th of November, 
1845, and 9:74 inches, on the 8th and 9th of October, 1846. 
Tue Mountain Gauces.—The following tables shew the excess or deficiency 
per cent. of the principal Mountain Gauges over or under the quantity of rain 
received by the adjacent valleys, both in the summer and winter months, in each 
year since the instruments were erected in 1846. The positive sign signifies that 
the quantity is greater, and the negative sign that it is less, than the fall in the 
valley in the same period. 
