PRODUCED BY DISTILLATION OF CINCHONINE. 315 
I. II. Calculation, 
“a == —_————. 
Carbon, 77:34 ey 7792 C,, 240 
Hydrogen, 8-09 7:80 Ue wel, 24 
Nitrogen, apc be 909 N, 28 
Oxygen, He ae 5:13 O, 16 
308 
The fact of the two series of bases present not being homologous with each 
other, rendered a considerable amount of labour necessary before they could be 
purified sufficiently for analysis, the presence, in very small quantity, of a base 
of the one series altering to such an extent the composition of the other, that no 
confidence could be placed in an analysis, unless extreme care was taken in the 
purifications, and the small amount of material at my command naturally added 
considerably to the difficulties with which I had to contend. 
Lutidine —It soon became evident that the third base discovered by Dr ANDER- 
son in the animal oil of Dippel, and to which he gave the name of lutidine, was 
that which most prominently presented itself in the first fractions. It was 
subsequently ascertained that pyridine and picoline were present in exceed- 
ingly small quantities, and to attempt their isolation would have been useless. 
The only evidence I have to show of the presence of pyridine is an isolated result, 
being the composition of the second crop of crystals of platinum salt obtained 
from the first fraction duringthe earlier rectifications, and before the pyridine could 
have escaped, as being present in such small quantity it was sure to do event- 
ually, from the difficulty of effecting perfect condensation in an operation invol- 
ving the changing of the receiver every few minutes. 
2-740 grains of platinum salt, second crop, from fraction boiling below 330° F. (165° C.)’ 
(fourth distillation) gave 
948 grains of platinum, 
_ or 346 per cent. 
Experiment. Theory. (Pyridine.) 
34:6 34°6 
The difficulty experienced in obtaining the lutidine sufficiently free from the 
_ bases above it, to enable a good result to be obtained, will appear from the ana- 
_ lyses below, which were made upon platinum salts from fractions which had been 
_ rectified the number of times prefixed to each result. 
Ist Rect. 2d Rect. 4th Rect. 
—_———_——_~ 
Carbon, : ‘ 29:40 28-89 27-10 27°20 
Hydrogen, . ; 3°73 3°84 3°30 3°28 
Platinum, 4 ; 30°85 30°63 30°83 
It was evident, therefore, that although the numbers were gradually becoming 
_ hearer to those required for lutidine, that, nevertheless, many more rectifications, 
} would be necessary before any close approximation could be expected. The 
_ small quantity of fluid was therefore, with careful management, made to pass 
