PRODUCED BY DISTILLATION OF CINCHONINE. 325 
Hydriodate of Amyl-Lepidine.—On treating lepidine with iodide of amyl in a 
pressure-tube at 212° for some hours, a finely crystallized salt is obtained, rather 
sparingly soluble in water; it was analysed by determining the percentage of iodine. 
8-685 grains of hydriodate of amyl-lepidine gave 
6025 ... iodide of silver. 
corresponding to 37°49 per cent. ; hydriodate of amyl-lepidine requires the follow- 
ing numbers :— 
Experiment. Calculation. 
Carbon, é : Be 52°79 C3, 180 
Hydrogen, . 5 eae 5°87 H,, 20 
Nitrogen,- . : cat 4:10 N 14 
Todine, ; x 37°49 37.24 if 127 
100-00 341 
Hydriodate of Methyl-Lepidine is a finely crystallized body, but its history, 
and that of the analogous salt C, H, below it, will be given in another paper, in 
which the leukoline of Hormann will be compared with pure chinoline. 
The experiments detailed prove, therefore, that cinchonine, by distillation with 
potash, yields pyrrol, pyridine, picoline, lutidine, collidine, chinoline, and lepidine, 
a result which indicates a total breaking up of the cinchonine, and of this the ap- 
pearance of pyrrol may be considered as a further confirmation, my experiments 
having shewn that that substance is, in general, characteristic of the complex 
decomposition of nitrogenous substances. 
When feathers, wool, or hair, are distilled per se, sufficient pyrrol is evolved to 
give a reaction instantly, with deal wood moistened with hydrochloric acid, and 
as the experiment can be made in a test-tube, it serves very well for lecture illustra- 
tion. Feathers yield a very large quantity of bases and carbonate of ammonia 
when distilled. The former appear, from my experiments (which, as yet, have only 
been on a very small scale), to contain some different from those at present known. 
Pyrrol possesses perhaps, as high an interest as any basic substance obtained by 
destructive distillation; and it is singular, that most nitrogenized bodies, when 
burnt with soda-lime, by Wim and VarRENTRAP’s process for determining the 
nitrogen, evolve pyrrol, which, passing through the acid in the bulbs, may be recog- 
nised by the reaction with deal wood and hydrochloric acid. Among the bodies 
tried in this manner, and found to give unequivocal reactions, may be mentioned, 
guanos, dried turnips, oil-cake, hay, and para grass. Whether these facts prove a 
loss of nitrogen, is at present doubtful, but the question will probably be solved, 
when Dr AnpErson’s researches on the pyrrol series of bases from Dippel’s oil are 
completed. ; 
VOL. XXI. PART Il. 4s 
