142 Felix Biyk: 



[72] 1900. Chapman, Note on the oviposition of Parnassius 

 Apollo, in: The Entomologist, V. 33, p. 282. 



Sphragis ,,The keel or pouch of female Parnassius seems now to 

 be well understood as a structure added by the male 



Zweck during pairing, but what its use is seems to be still quite 

 unknown. At least, I can find no satisfactory Observation 

 or Suggestion on the matter. One surmises that it must 



Eiablage be of some use in ovipositing. I made a point several 

 occasions this summer of watching apollo to detect the 

 mode of oviposition if possible. I only succeded in seeing 

 one egg laid, and that I could not find on searching. 

 The way in which it was deposited was, however, very 

 suggestive. The butterfly alighted on a dead stalk, some 

 six or seven inches above the earth, not on or very near 

 ony Sedum, and then ejected on egg in such a forcible 

 way that it feil, perhaps, an inch and a half away from 

 the spot immediatel}^ beneath the insect. A solitary Ob- 

 servation is, perhaps, too small a basis to theorise on; 

 ' but, as the egg lies unhatched all winter, the object would 

 be to send it with some force, so that it would get into 

 corner. The mode by which the jerk is communicated 

 Zweck sheltered wouldprobably be by the eggbeingpressed against 

 the pouch, the elasticity of which would give it a jerk when 

 it slipped free. The egg has a flat base, by which it pro- 

 bably becomes attaches when that surface touches any 

 object. — 



In searching for any account of the oviposition of Par- 

 nassius I find perfunctory allusions to it, implying that 

 there is nothing unusual in method of egg laying. The 

 füllest reference I find in W. H. Edwards's account of 

 Parn. smintheus, where several different observers note 

 the butterfl}^ as laying freely on various objects, and 

 especially on anything in preferance to the food-plant. 

 He quotes two observers who s'aw the butterfly laying 

 eggs, and who note peculiar about it. It may be, therefore, 

 perhaps, that my Observation was of an unusual occurence 

 — it suggcsts the desirabilitj^ of further observations." 

 [*73] 1901. Sharp, The Cambridge natural history. Vol. VI 

 (Insects part II), p. 350; über genus Acraea: 



,,The females of some species possess an abdominal pouch 



Sphragis somewhat similar to that of Parnassius", p. 362; über 

 genus Parnassius: 



Sphragis ,,the females possesses a peculiar pouch at the end of the 

 Ent- body; although only formed during the process of coup- 



stehung ]ing, it has a special and characteristic form in most of 

 the species. 

 [74] 1901. G. A. K. Marshall, On the Female pouch in Acraea. 



In: The Entomologist 1901, p. 72. (Vgl. die Originalarbeit I) 



