156 Felipe Bryk: 



under the conditions described by him in the next paragraph, dated 

 August 13th. Prof. Poulton said that he was not aware of si- 

 milar observations having been made upon Lepidoptera, in which 

 group the unsuccesful males have often been seen to disperse as 

 soon as pairing takes place. It is to be noted that in an family of 

 P. alcinoe bred by Mr. Lamborn the males emerged Sept. 8th — 

 llth 1911, the females not until Sept. 16th— 22nd. 



,,I found five Planemas in a confused mass on a thin 

 Kopula bough. Careful examination revealed that four were males 

 and one a female. A male and female were in coitu, both 

 resting on the upper side of the little boungfacing opposite 

 ways; another male rested underneath, his head in the same 

 direction as that of the female. His claspers gripped her 

 abdomen immediality in front of the claspers of his more 

 successful rival, the penis of No. 2 being extruded and 

 forced to one side. A 3rd male grasped a wing of the 

 female so firmly with his legs that the membrane was 

 crumpled up: he remained motionless. The 4th male 

 grasped and crumpled up the opposite wing in a similar 

 way, all the time making efforts to obtain hold of any 

 portion at all of her anatomy with his claspers." 

 [99] 1911 (—1905). Verity, Rhopalocera palaearctica, p. 301. 

 Ent- „La formation de la poche corn6e de la $ des Parnassiens 

 stehung ayant toujours et 6 enveloppee de mystere, je pense qu'il 

 g ^^^ . sera interessant ä ceux qui feuilletteront ce livre de savoir 

 ce que j'ai pu observer ä ce sujet, ayant eu la fortune 

 de pouvoir faire accoupler deux apollo sous mes yeux. — 

 Kopula Le (^ avait saisi entre ses deux robustes crochets la moiti^ 

 Sterigmä inf6rieure seulement de l'anneauchitineux de la$et l'ovi- 

 positeur de celle-ci se dressait au dessous parfaitement 

 Dauer libre; une heure environ apres le commencement de l'ac- 

 couplement, en ecartant les longs poils qui rendent 1 'Ob- 

 servation assez difficile, j'obseivai un gros organe d'un 

 Peraplastjaune assez vif qui reunissait en dessous les extr6mit6s 

 des deux abdomens, six heures plus tard cette masse 

 charnue, qui avait grossi passablement, s'^tait detach^e du 

 c6t6 de la $ et permettait de constater que ce qui s'ob- 

 servait etait la surface libre d'une membrane jeune re- 

 Sphragis couvrant une masse d'une blancheur de neige, qui main- 

 tenant commen9ait ä apparaitre en dessous; peu ä peu 

 cette membrane se retira toujours davantage en se plis- 

 Farbe sant du cote du (^ et decouvrit un poche blanche sans 

 Ohne carene; deux heures apr6s, le (^ s'^loigna de la $ et au 

 Carina Moment oü il se detachait je vis la languette terminale 

 de la poche qui sortait d'entre le restant de la membrane 

 (tendu transversalment et pliss^e longitudinalment entre 

 les deux valves du ^) en dessous, et les deux crochets 

 en dessous; la carene s'^bauchait d6jä et quelques heures 



