33 [^n^r- VUI, 



PAHA. 24.] 



24. All the birds, among the species treated of, that gj^ig ^i^^j. 



show much white when they fly are noted, with details, in show nmcli 



Key 10. This tell-tale white contrasting with a darker JJ^'^^^V^''*"" 



shade is to the writer's mind a helpful indication, as it is (Key in.) 

 the first thiug to catch the eye at a distance when colours ^ 

 are indistinguishable. 



Those birds which are most conspicuous in the matter 

 of 9chite ahout the body are the Tufted Duck, the lower half 

 of whose lower plumage is white, while the rest, as well as 

 tlie upper, is black ; tiie Shoveller, who has a white breast 

 contrasting well, in full plumage, with a dark green head ; 

 the Pintail with white abdomen, breast and neck, and the 

 Pochard, the whole of whose body, upper and lower, except 

 for a chestnut head and dark breast, is very pale grey. 

 The Wigeon also shows distinct white in places on the 

 body. 



Birds showing much while on the upper fiirle of the 

 vinqs are the Tufted Duck again, tlie Eed-crested Pochard, 

 the Gadwall and the White eyed Duck. 



The Spotbill lias a V-shaped I ar across either wing 

 following the contour of the body. 



KEY 10. 



Note. — W — On the upper wings. 

 A — On the abdomen. 

 B — On the breast. 

 F— On the flanks. 



Spotbill — W (white outer webs and two secondaries 

 make a V-sliaped bar across the back). 



Gadwall — W (wliite bar on secondaries'* and A 

 (whitish). 



Common Teal — A. 



Wigeon — W (white shoulders) and A. 

 Pintail — A, B and Neck. 

 Garganey Teal — A (grey W anrl F). 

 Shoveller — B. 



Ked-crested Pochard — \\ (white on shoulders, second- 

 aries and inner primaries) and F. 



The Pochard — A (speckled white). 



White-eyed Duck — W (white on secondaries and 

 inner primaries) and B, 



Tufted Duck — W (white secondaries), A and F. 



5 



