a 
13 
would entail less than a thousand a year after making a full 
allowance for all expenses. But stocking with fry or with 
smolts is but a small portion of the great question ; parts of 
some of our Salmon rivers are too fouled by pollution 
to rear fry after they are liberated ; it is only by adapt- 
ing the means to the end that Salmon culture can reach 
the highest degree of success. In many parts of the country 
where the pollution is only moderate, we can meet it bytaking 
advantage of the pure water above or by turning smolts in 
directly above the tidal waters, but I am certain the surest 
remedy for pollution is to make pure water pay. It is easier 
to shake an industry to its foundation than to put some- 
thing better in its place, and if, through fish culture, pure 
streams and more plentiful food would displace the black 
sewers of our midlands without the intervention of harassing 
legislation, fish culturists will not have laboured in vain. 
The next important point in Salmon culture is a con- 
sideration of the mode of stocking. The watershed must 
first be carefully surveyed, and the quantity of natural 
feeding for young fry, yearlings, and smolts estimated. 
Where clear spring water can be obtained close to gravelly 
shallows suitable for alevins, the most economical and 
efficacious manner of stocking is to cut narrow ditches just 
above flood water mark, fill in with gravel, and sew down 
eyed ova a few days from hatching, cover over with 
branches, and leave alone. 
Where no springs exist young fry a few weeks after 
commencing to feed should be turned into the gravelly 
ripples, but where the stream is too sluggish or too large to 
be safe for fry, yearling fish can be turned in in spring as 
soon as the kelts are out of the water, but smolts should 
only be used immediately above the tidal water. 
The temperature, hardness of water, earthy particles in 
