INDEX 



Fishes — contd. 



Tail-fin, disappearance of, 

 in living mud-fishes, 

 251 

 Triangular tail-fins, etc., 

 of the ganoid fishes, 

 248, 251, 252, 253 



Flying fishes, 232 



Forefathers of later fish — 

 improbability of curi- 

 ous looking fishes of the 

 Upper Silurian strata 

 being actual forefathers 

 of all later fish, 263 



Head and body shields — 

 Pteraspis and Cepha- 

 laspis, 257, 258, 259 



Lungs as well as gills pos- 

 sessed by mud-fish of 

 Africa, etc., 248 



Mud-fish allied to the ga- 

 noid fishes, where 

 found, etc., 248 



Oldest remains of fislies 

 which have been dis- 

 covered, 262 



Recent discoveries from the 

 Upper Silurian strata 

 of Scotland, 262 



Saddler's knife - shaped 

 head and scale-bearing 

 body of the Cephalas- 

 pis, 256, 257, 258 



Scales — hard bony scales of 

 the ganoid and fishes 

 allied to, 247, 249, 250 



Shells with animals living 

 inside see Shells 



Silver-scaled fish — variety, 

 comparative recent 

 origin, etc., 246 



(see also names of fishes) 



Five - horned giraffe see 



Giraffe 

 Flightless birds refer to Birds, 



also names of birds 

 Flint implements : 



Antiquity of man, evidence 

 of, 87 



Photographs of flint instru- 

 ments from gravel pit 

 at St. Acheuil, 86 



Places where flint imple- 

 ments have been found, 

 85, 86, 87 

 Flying animals : 



Birds see that title 



Pterodactyles, flying fishes, 

 etc., 231, 233, 234 

 Folding and crumpling of 



strata see Tilting 

 Footprints of animals in 

 ancient rocks, 53-55, 

 199 

 Fossil-hunting — delights of, 

 where to seek for fos- 

 sils, etc., 295 

 Fossils : 



Earliest yet discovered are 

 of remains of highly- 

 developed animals and 

 by no means near the 

 beginning of animal 

 life, 274 



Fayum Desert, discoveries 

 by Dr. Andrews and 

 the Egyptian survey, 

 123-132 



Oldest which are known — 

 remains of small mar- 

 ine creatures, etc., 272 



Position in which animal 

 remains have been 

 found 



i 



