POWDER-POST BEETLES often ruin stored hardwoods of 

 the finest quahty by turning them into a flourlike powder. 

 They work in whitewood or sapwood, especially second-growth 

 hickory, ash, and oak, which has been stored or piled in one 

 place for two or three years or longer. 



Sapwood seasoned for less than eight or ten months will not 

 be attacked, and heartwood is never attacked. 



In the manufacture of hickory implement handles, when 

 feasible substitute heartwood for sapwood. See footnote 2, 

 page 15. 



By the adoption of the following system of inspection, 

 classification, and the proper disposal of the seasoned sapwood 

 of hardwood stock, loss by powder-post beetles can be pre- 

 vented : 



Inspect material in yards and storehouses annually, pref- 

 erably in INovember and February, and sort out and burn 

 material showing evidence of powder post. Burn all 

 refuse and useless sapwood material. 



Classify seasoned hardwood stock into (a) hickory, ash, 

 oak, etc.; (b) heartwood, pure sapwood, and part sap- 

 wood; and (c) according to the number of years seasoned. 



Utilize or sell oldest stock first. 



Inspect all new stock to prevent introduction of 

 powder-posted material. 



Use only heartwood piling sticks in lumber piles. 



To prevent attack treat the more valuable material, 

 between October and March, with boiled linseed oil. 

 Varnish or paraffin the sapwood portions of backs and in- 

 terior surfaces of cabinet work, inside finish, and furniture. 



Material once attacked is usually damaged beyond repair. 

 If the injury is not too far advanced further damage can be 

 stopped by saturating the wood with kerosene. 



While there are a number of eff'ective chemical treatments 

 to prevent attack, and to kill the insects in the wood, the great 

 objection to all of them is the great and recurring expense 

 of treating material that never would be attacked if, by the 

 proper methods of management, the premises were kept free 

 from the pest. 



