30 FARMERS BULLETIX 798. 



ent corral, chute, and legging pen arrangement is shown with each 

 vat. All these parts are suitable for use with either vat. Cross 

 fences as desired can be added to the corrals. Cutting chutes are 

 shown in both plans, as every large dipping plant should have such 

 a chute e<iuipped with a dodge gate so the lambs may be cut out and 

 dipped separately. 



If permanent pipes are used for conducting water and dip to the 

 vat they should be laid so as not to act as an obstacle to the men 

 working along the vat. There should be no obstructions to the path 

 along both sides of the vat. The pipes can be placed under the 

 ground, or a portable V-shaped trough can be used for conducting 

 liquids into the vat and laid aside when not in use. 



THE WOODEN VAT. 



As shown in the plans for the wooden vat, one side of the running 

 chute is nuide of portable panels so they may be shifted and the 

 space con\erted into a legging pen. Two styles of framing are 

 shown. In the cedar-growing sections the cedar-post frames are 

 preferable because they do not decay rapidly, while the sawed white- 

 pine timbers do. Where hardwood is used instead of white pine the 

 frame timbers need not be so heavy ; 4 by 4 inches is heavy enough 

 for framing in hardwood. The frames are set from 2| to 4 feet 

 apart, depending on the character of the soil and the material used ; 

 2^ feet apart is a safe rule, as the closer the frames are to each other 

 the less tendency there is for the sides of the vat to bulge in between 

 the frames. Two-inch tongue-and-grooved planks should be used in 

 making the vat, and they should be beveled so all joints and seams 

 may be properly calked with oakum or similar material. 



The open-tank heating system is shown in the drawings. When 

 this system of heating is used it is not necessary to have settling wells, 

 as the heating tank acts as a settling well. It has an advantage over 

 the old-style coil-heating system in that the pipes are easily cleaned 

 if they become clogged. A water trap is provided for in the exit 

 end of the vat with a bridge to fit into the trap while dipping is 

 being done. When dipping operations are finished for the day the 

 bridge should be removed and the valves of the drainpipes opened so 

 water from the draining pens may not run into the vat. 



THE CEMENT VAT. 



In the plan for the cement plant the corrals and chute are very 

 conveniently arranged. The portable panels can be shifted to form 

 either a running chute or a legging' pen. The settling and screening 

 wells shown also can be constructed as a part of any vat by. changing 

 the slope of the draining pens so the dip will run into the wells in- 

 stead of down the runway. In making the forms for a draining well, 



