APHIDS are small, delicate, winged or wingless 

 - insects which feed upon plant juices, draining 

 them from the foliage, fruit, twigs, or roots, through a 

 beak pushed into the plant tissues. 



Many kinds injure orchard fruits, currant, goose- 

 berry and grape. The most important are discussed 

 in this bulletin. 



Contact sprays, such as kerosene emulsion, soap 

 washes, nicotine solutions, etc., must be used to kill 

 aphids. Directions for preparing and applying them 

 will be found on pages 34-39. 



Stomach poisons, such as arsenate of lead, Paris 

 green, and other arsenicals, are of no use against 

 aphids. 



Species which winter in the egg stage on the plants 

 to be protected may be sprayed early in the spring as 

 the buds are expanding, to kill the first brood and 

 insure against injury later in the season. 



Leaf-curling species, especially, should be treated 

 with this bud spray in years when they are expected to 

 be abundant. They can not be reached satisfactorily 

 after the leaves have unfolded and the aphids have 

 begun to be troublesome. 



Those species which do not curl the leaves may be 

 controlled readily by sprays when they are noted as 

 becoming numerous. 



Annual bud spraying in the case of the apple ap- 

 pears to be good orchard practice and, continued for 

 a series of years, doubtless would prove profitable. 



