38 



FARMERS BULLETIN 856. 



the stem entering the slit, after which spread the card out tlat and press the 

 points formed by the star-shaped cut snugly around the stem. 



A Wisconsin grower protected 7,000 plants and secured a splendid 

 crop, while unprotected plants near by would have been a complete 

 I'ailure if the maggots had not been picked off by hand. Others 

 have reported similar success. One reported having lost only 25 

 ^ plants out of 10,000 to 15,000 that he pro- 



tected with the cards, where ordinarily he 

 would have lost from 75 to 90 per cent of 

 the crop. Some growers in Wisconsin have 

 used this method with almost perfect success 

 for upwards of 20 years. The tarred pads are 

 applicable to cabbage and cauliflower only, 

 but they are cheaper, more practicable, and 

 more efficient than anything else yet devised 

 for preventing the ravages of the cabbage 

 maggot. Success in using them is dependent 

 upon their being properh' applied, to fit 

 tightJy, so that the fly will be unable to ob- 

 tain access to the stem to lay her eggs. Pads 

 must be renewed and their use continued 

 everv vear, to be effective. 



BLACK-LEG. 



In black-leg the plants 

 show a purple color and 



Pig. 41.— Cabbage black-leg. , , ... 



the leaves wilt, but remain 

 adhering to the stem. Sunken, diseased spots 

 occur on leaves and stem, in which numerous tiny 

 black specks may be seen. The stem is often girdled. 

 (Fig. 41.)^ 



Precentive measures. — (1) Disinfect seed with 

 corrosiA'e sublimate, 1 tablet to a pint of water for 

 10 minutes; (2) use disease-free soil for the seed 

 bed; (3) avoid contaminated manure; (4) in set- 

 ting plants use no contaminated water: (5) prac- 

 tice a long crojD rotation. 



The leaves of cabbage often yellow and fall ofl', 

 the lower ones first, leaving a bare stem and small, 

 imperfect head. (Fig. 42.) The inner wood of 

 the stem is blackened. The yellowing of the leaves yeiiows 



and of the plant is often one-sided. This disease is caused by 

 fungus. 



a soil 



