CRANBERRY INSECT PROBLEMS. 



15 



Charactek of Injury, 



\i 



The work of the first brood of tipworms, occurring in Ma}' and 

 June, is of little consequence as compared with that of the later 

 brood, occurring in July. In both instances the topmost leaves, 

 usually two small ones facing each other, become 

 cupped, their tips bending toward each other and 

 their external surfaces appearing whitish. This 

 result is effected by the feeding of the maggots on 

 the interior surfaces of the leaves, where they 

 rasp the issues Avith a peculiar horny process on 

 the underside of the body, causing the cell con- 

 tents to flow so that they may be absorbed through 

 the mouths of the tipworms. 



The topmost leaves die and sooner or later 

 break off, leaving a black stub. (Fig. 14.) New 

 growth springs up to replace the old, but about 

 the time it attains an inch or two the attack is re- 

 peated by the next brood of tipworms. 



When the first brood is at work the growing tip 

 is killed above the point' where the blossoms have 

 started, so that the crop of the current season is 

 not affected appreciably; but the Julj^ brood of 

 worms destroys many tips upon which no new 

 growth or buds are produced, consequently no 

 fruit develops on these uprights the succeeding 

 year. On the other hand, two or more buds are 

 occasionally found springing from an injured up- 

 right, all of which develop fruit. 



A considerable number of counts and observa- 

 tions show, howcA^er, that buds springing from the 

 sides of injured tips produce little fruit in com- 

 parison with buds borne at the terminals of the 

 uprights. In other words, side buds usually de- 

 velop into leaf shoots, which is particularly true 

 on weak-vined bogs or bogs lacking in plant food. 



Runners and uprights, alike, are attacked, the 

 injury to the former serving rather as a mild 

 form of pruning. 



/^ 



DESCRirTIOX AND SEASONAL HiSTORY. 



.,.,,. . , Fic. 13. — Ro(l-stripo(l 



The manner m which this species passes the liiewonn : Eggs on 



winter was long a subject of conjecture, but re- woody part of cran- 



_.»•' "' fl, ''<?""y vines. Much 



cent studies have shown that the worms of the .niargcd. 



