On the Affinity of the Hiberno- Celtic and Phenician Languages. 81 
ment ; yon, below, in which sense it meant the infernal regions, and without doubt 
was the origin of Zartarus, or Hell. He is represented as the father of Geryon, 
Cerberus, and Orthos. Geryon—the rugged, dreadful river, with the rocky bed. 
Cerberus—the dog of hell: ceap, death ; vepac, incessant talking, barking, shouting. 
The noises of Etna were supposed to proceed from the barking of Cerberus: our 
word bark was probably from the Phenician berac. Orthos—op, noise, sound ; zor, 
first. The vigilant dog who gave the first bark. 
Bacchus. The god of revels and drinking. Bac, loving ; ay, drink, liquor, wine ; 
or bacaé, lame, staggering, from drink. 
Dyonusus (Awvucec). The Greek name of Bacchus. aoneay, manliness ; ar, 
drink. The drunken manly hero. 
Eleleus. A name of Bacchus, from the word ede\ev, which the Bacchanals loudly 
repeated during the festivals. This is the cry of the Irish, of uwlulu, or pillulu, at 
funerals and when melancholy drunk. 
Euhyus. A name of Bacchus. eu, dying, or dead ; ay, drink—i. e. dead drunk. 
facchus. A surname of Bacchus. jac, a yell, scream, shout ; ay, drink. From 
the noise the Bacchanals made at his feasts. Iayew, shout ; waxyatw, to shout, revel, 
to be drunk. ‘This word is also, no doubt, from the Phenician root. 
Menades. The Bacchantes, priestesses of Bacchus. This word is generally 
derived from pawoua, to be furious; but I would rather say from the Phenician 
neanao, gaping, yawning, vomiting. 
Orgia. Festivals in honour of Bacchus. Opsjor, cheer, entertainment, revelry. 
Orphica. A name by which the orgies of Bacchus were called—because they were 
introduced by Orpheus? On, sound, voice, music ; joc, concert, combined, united, 
a choir. ‘Thus singing in a choir isso called, and not from Orpheus. 
Diana. ya, divinity ; ya, the—ya, is the feminine of the article, an, the. The 
goddess. Diana was called the goddess, in consideration of her eminence. 
“ Great is Diana of the Ephesians.” 
Echo. A daughter of Air and Tellus. eccors, a model, shape, likeness, repetition, 
simulance. 
Folus. @otar, knowledge, science, philosophy, art ; king of the winds, a great 
astronomer and inventer of sails. How much more palpable is this derivation than 
the Greek atodoc, varius. 
Fortuna... The goddess of fortune. This was a very antient deity. She 
has been represented standing on the prow of a ship and holding the rudder in 
her hands, which is probably one of her most antient representations, ‘The import of 
the name Fortuna is, yon, protection, defence ; cuyn, from the waves, which is well ex- 
pressed in the above figure. 
Janus. His temples were closed in time of peace and open in war ; jan, the blade 
of a sword. 
VOL. XVII. QQ 
