3 
As the pest is found to breed in countless numbers in oats, it seems 
advisable that these should not be grown in the immediate vicinity of 
the tobacco field. 
INSECTICIDE APPLICATIONS. 
From the habit possessed by the adult thrips of feeding on the upper 
surface of the leaf, we are able to combat it with a contact spray. In 
experiments carried on the past summer with insecticides, kerosene 
emulsion was found to be the most desirable and effective remedy. 
Kerosene emulsion.—The following formula is recommended for the 
stock solution : 
Werosem erates sneer Be reve Behe! Je LAR Oss oe 2 gallons. 
AUUOY PS ete Cit Eas RAT SRI Pa Bae sk ve ee fa Ven 1 galion. 
(ETC S 0 apo peng eee ee RM et ae a % pound. 
The soap should be cut into fine shavings and dissolved by boiling 
in the gallon of water. The water should then be added to the kerosene 
while still hot and churned by means of a force pump, pumping it back 
into the same receptacle for ten minutes. When thoroughly emulsified, 
it has a creamy appearance and upon cooling becomes much thicker. 
By the use of a certain naphtha soap an emulsion can be readily made 
in the field with cold water. When so made, twice the amount of soap 
called for in the formula will be necessary. Care should be taken in 
making up the stock solution that it be completely emulsified, else, 
when diluted, free oil will appear and will burn the leaves. 
Very particular attention was paid to the possible effect that the 
emulsion might have upon the aroma, but no trace whatever of such 
could be detected. 
WHEN TO APPLY THE EMULSION. 
The emulsion should be first applied when the plants are in the seed 
bed. A number of applications will be found necessary in order that 
the thrips be killed and not carried into the field when the plants are 
transplanted. 
Spraying in the field should commence at once, as soon as the plants 
are transplanted. Two applications a week seem advisable. 
While another season will be required to determine the matter fully, 
yet it seems probable that the pest can be almost entirely checked if 
the spraying is started while the plants are in the seed bed and contin- 
ued regularly. Ten weeks is estimated as the maximum period in 
which spraying will be necessary. 
Since, in combating the budworms of tobacco,' it is necessary to apply 
Paris green to the bud,” care must be taken not to spray the emulsion 
1 Chloridea virescens Fab. and Heliothis obsoleta Fab. 
2 For the budworms one tablespoonful of Paris green to a peck of corn meal 
is applied in the bud two or three times weekly. 
