2 
the Country before this time: But the Indians told them that sickness would 
follow, and so it did, very hot in the months of June, July and August of that 
Summer,’’ viz. 1633. Hesays, ‘‘ Toward Winter the sickness ceased ;’’ and that 
it was ‘a kinde of a pestilent Feaver.’’—New England’s Memoriall, &¢., pp. 90 
and 91. 
The fact noted, that the native Indians associated the recurrences of 
this insect with pestilential diseases, is interesting as showing that the 
cicada had probably long been under observation by them and had 
exerted a vivid influence on their imaginations. 
Doctor Riley, referring to this record in his account of the periodical 
cicada, written in 1868, indicates that the year here mentioned is prob- 
ably an erroneous record, as shown by the subsequent reappearances in 
the same locality; in other words, the date assigned was doubtless 1654 
instead of 1633. The first publication of this record thirty-five years 
alter its occurrence would give ample leeway for an error of this nature. 
There is, of course, the possibility that the occurrence recorded by More- 
ton was a premature one, but a mistake of one year in the date is a 
more reasonable explanation. The subsequent recurrences of this 
brood for the years 1651, 1668, 1685, 1702, 1719, 1786, 1753, and 1770 
appear not to have been recorded; but the later ones, namely, for 1787, 
1804, 1821, 1838, 1855, 1872, and 1889 have been definitely reported. 
Our knowledge of the extent of this brood, up to 1889, is practically 
based upon Doctor Fitch’s observations in 1885 in the account of his 
third brood, since its reappearance in 1872 did not, apparently, attract 
any attention. Doctor Fitch, however, confused this seventeen-year 
brood with the great ¢redecim brood which occurred in 1855, the year 
of his record, and the exact dividing line between the two broods is 
still open to question. In asking for reports on the occurrence of this 
brood in 1889 Riley and Howard gave its extent as follows: 
The region commences in southeastern Massachusetts, extends south across 
Long Island and along the Atlantic coast of New Jersey, Delaware, and Mary- 
land as far as Chesapeake Bay; then up the Susquehanna River in Pennsylvania 
to a point a little below Harrisburg; thence westward in Ohio, embracing the 
southwestern corner of the State and the northwestern portion of Kentucky, and 
then upward through southwestern Indiana, ending in central Illinois. It is 
possible also that there is an eastward extension of the region from Kentucky 
into southern West Virginia, as cicadas occurred in 1855 in the Kanawha Valley, 
and also in the counties of Buncombe and McDowell, in North Carolina; but as 
these appearances were not verified in 1872, it is probable that they belonged to 
Brood XVIII, which is of the thirteen-year race. 
The distribution of this brood, as given below, is reproduced from 
Bulletin No. 14, referred to above, and is based on the records given 
by Riley and Howard, with such additions and corrections as were 
gained from the records of 1889, Prof. J. B. Smith adding some records 
from New Jersey, Dr. William A. Buckout defining its limits in Penn- 
sylvania, and Mr. E. A. Schwarz and others adding various localities. 
