424 Vernll, JV^otes on Radlato. 



angle at their origin, and bend upward in a broad curve, the outer 

 ones often forming right angles at their origin. The prominent ver- 

 rucfe are regularly arranged on all sides, and pretty close together, 

 though scarcely crowded, and usually stand nearly at right angles to 

 the branches, but often incline obliquely upward at a wide angle, and 

 never become imbricated. They are moderately large, usually some- 

 wliat higher than broad, nearly equal, round, tubular, truncate, the ter- 

 minal opening looking obliquely upward andoutward, the surface cov- 

 ered with many large fusiform spicula, the ends of which project strong- 

 ly at the summit in the form of small sharp spines, which are often 

 more numerous and larger on the lower margin, causing the cells to ap- 

 proach the characters of those of the second section of the genus. 

 Ccenenchyma moderately thick, filled with large spindles at the sur- 

 face. Color deep } ellowish brown, varying to light brownish yellow 

 and to deep umber brown. 



Height of largest specimens 8 inches ; breadth 6 ; diameter of lar- 

 gest branches, including verruca? '30 to "35 ; of branchlets '24 to "28 ; 

 length of verrucre "08 to -10, often less ; diameter -06 to •07. 



The spicula are light yellowish and brownish, mostly large, stout, 

 warty spindles, many of them irregular, bent or lobed. The longer 

 spindles are large, rather stout, tapering gradually to each end, or 

 frequently with one end irregular, truncate or obtuse, the siirface 

 crowdedly covered with small, rounded, rough warts, except upon one 

 side wdiere the warts are usually replaced by small, sharp, conical 

 spinules. The stouter spindles are larger and thick, mostly irregular, 

 bent, lobed, or with one end truncate, but agreeing in the character 

 of the surface with the longer ones. The small spindles are mostly 

 slender, acute at each end, regulaj-ly covered with truncate or rounded 

 warts, sometimes with sharp spinules on one side. 



The longer spindles measure r80""" by •425""", 1-80 by •SYS, 1-75 

 by -375, l^VO by -350, l-70 by •SOO, 1^65 by -225, 1^62 by -375, 1-57 by 

 •250, 1-25 by '250, 1^42 by ^200, 1-12 by ^200, 1-07 by •l7o ; the stouter 

 ones 1-70 by ^440, 1^57 by ^500, 1-50 by •SOO, 1-42 by -425, 1-37 by -450, 

 1-25 by -400, M2 by '300, ^850 by -225; the small spindles "500 by 

 •100, -375 by -075, '300 by •062, '225 by -062. 



Panama and Pearl Islands, in pools at extreme low-water mark, not 

 common, — F. H. Bradley. 



This species is easily distinguished by its few, moderately thick 

 branches, evenly covered by the squarrose, tubular vernxcse, which are 

 usually considerably higher than broad. The spicula somewhat resem- 

 ble those of M. acervata and 31. echinata, but can readily be distin- 

 guished from either. 



