5 1 2 Verrill, Notes on JRadiata. 



oblong, papillose at surface. Color of the living polyp bright orange- 

 red, or flame-red. 



Height -20 to '40 ; diameter of larger ones -30 to "42 ; depth of 

 cup "10 to '15 of an inch. 



Pucret Sound, — C. B. Kennerly ; Mendocino and Crescent City, 

 Cal,— A. Agassiz; Monterey,— R. E. C. Stearns; W. H. Dall. 



Mr. Stearns found this beautiful species adhering to the under side 

 of large stones at extreme low-water mark at Monterey, and observed 

 Trivia Calif ornica living parasitically upon it, the color of the living 

 Trivia agreeing very closely with the bright orange-red of the polyp. 



Suborder, OCULINACEA Verrill. 



Garyopliylhwece {p irs) and Madrepomcece (pars) Dana, Zoophytes. 

 OcelUna {pars) and Milleporina [pars) Ehrenberg, Corall. roth- Meeres. 



Corallum simple or compound, encrusting or branched, of firm 

 texture with imperforate, solid walls and septa. Cells generally small, 

 tubular. Polyps when expanded rising above the cell, or long exsert, 

 the mouth protruding, the tentacles 10 to 48, sometimes more, elon- 

 gated, the tips usually, if not always, swollen or capitate, their surface 

 covered with small wart-like clusters of urticating cells. 



In this group the compound species increase by basal and lateral 

 budding, and there is a strong tendency to form hard, compact corals, 

 the coenenchyma being, when present, very compact ; the walls 

 are often thickened, or the cells may be partially filled up and oblit- 

 erated, as in OcuHuidm, some Stylasteridce, etc. The transverse 

 plates within the cells are usually few and distant, and may be 

 entirely wanting ; in some cases they are coincident in all the inter- 

 septal spaces, so as to form continuous transverse plates or septa, 

 as in PocilliporidcM. The septa of the first and second cycles, at least? 

 have the edge entire or nearly so, often all the septa are entire. The 

 exterior of the walls is generally more or less costate, sometimes 

 finely granulous or spinulose, but never strongly spinose. 



It is obvious that in Astraaacea, as hithei*to constituted, there are 

 included two distinct types of corals, characterized especially by the 

 peculiarities of the expanded polyps. In the division here established 

 the polyps, so far as known, are much exsert in expansion and the ten- 

 tacles are swollen at the tips, but in the typical Astraeacea, such as 

 As'TO&a {Mwia), Mceandrina, Mussa, the polyps are not exsert and 

 they have more numerous tentacles, which taper to the end ; their 

 corals increase by fissiparity or disk-budding, the septa are serrate or 

 echinate, and the interseptal spaces are much subdivided by small 

 oblique plates. 



