536 Verrill, JVotes on Radiata. 



the simple Eusmilidoe (Trochosmiliacece ^. and H.). The soft parts 

 of Flahellum, so far as known, agree more closely with those of 

 the Efusmilidoe than with those of Caryophyllia and Paracyathus, 

 while in this respect the latter genera agree very closely with the 

 Astrmigidce, to some of which, indeed, they are evidently closely 

 allied. Syndepas Lyman, and Phyllangia E. and H., so closely 

 resemble some of the Garyophyllidm that, did they not form basal 

 stolons, they might readily be taken for members of that family. 

 The corallites of some of the Oculinidce {Lophohelia etc.), also closely 

 resemble some of the Turbinolidce. I have, therefore, thought it 

 best for the present to divide the group into two families, correspond- 

 ing to the subfamilies of Edwards and Haime, although, when the 

 living polyps shall have been carefully studied in all the recent genera, 

 it may be found that the families are not correctly limited. 



The genera of which the relations are most in doubt, are the typical 

 Turhinolinm of Edwards and Haime {Tarbhwlia, Sphenotrochus, 

 Discotrochus, Desmophyllum^ etc.). It is possible that these belong 

 with Caryophyllidm to the Oculinacea, while the FLabelUnm may 

 alone belong to the Astrmacea near Fusmilidce. This cannot be 

 determined satisfactorily until the living polyps of some of these 

 genera have been thoroughly studied. 



Paracyathus Edw. and Haime. , 



ParacyatJms Edwards and Haime, Ann. des Sci. nat., 3 ser., ix, p. 318, 1848 ; 

 Coralliaires, ii, p. 52, 1857. 



Corallum cylindrical or turbinate, attached by a broad, expanded 

 base Wall naked, costulate. Calicle cup-shaped. Septa numerous, 

 in four or five cycles, unequal, the summits rounded and little exsert. 

 Columella concave, composed of prominent, elongated, papilliform 

 processes, connected with the internal edges of the septa. Pali 

 numerous, in several series at unequal distances from the center, those 

 of the primary cycle farthest inward ; they arise from the inner 

 edges of the septa of all the cycles except the last, or next to the 

 last,* and are similar to the processes of the columella. 



* According to Edwards and Haime they exist before the septa of all the cycles, 

 except the next to the last, and those are larger which belong to the youuger cycles. 

 But in the three following, and mimy other species, they exist before all the septa 

 except those of the last cycle, and those in front of the primaries are largest Even 

 in the figure of P. Stokesii by Edwards and Haime, pali are wanting only in front of 

 the last cycle of septa. 



