Mr. Yarrell on a new species of Herring. 279 
the swim-bladder ; the pyloric appendages 20 in number, from the base 
of which the intestine passes in a straight line to the vent. 
It is even probable that our shores produce a third species of Herring 
much larger than either of the two now named. In Pennant’s British 
Zoology, it is stated under the article Herring, on the authority of an 
experienced fisher, that there is sometimes taken near Yarmouth a Her- 
ring distinguished by a black spot above the nose; and that he once saw 
one that was 21 inches and a half long. He insisted that it was a differ- 
ent species, and varied as much from the common Herring, as that does 
from the Pilchard. A notice, it may be added, appeared i in a Glasgow 
Newspaper of the last week in May, 1831, that “ a Herring had been 
‘© caught in the Tay, which weighed four pounds and one quarter:’” and 
Anderson the historian of Greenland and Iceland, mentions ep seh 
of two feet in length. 
The Herring of the American coast is distinct from either of those 
which visit our shores; it is less in size and very inferior in quality. A 
small quantity are occasionally imported here in a dried state, and from 
examination of these it appears that their average length is about 7 inches; 
the dorsal fin contains 16 rays, the pectoral 19, ventral 10, anal 16, 
caudal 18, and the vertebr are 58. The Herring of the Mediterranean 
appears, by the description of M. Risso, to be also distinct from either 
of the species here enumerated: its branchiostegous rays are said to 
be six in number, its dorsal fin contains 17 rays, pectoral 17, ventral 8, 
anal 18, caudal 18, and it deposits its spawn in summer. 
While on the subject of the species of the genus Clupea I may men- 
tion that I obtained last summer two species of Shads from the Thames, 
the Clup. Alosa of Linneus, and the Clup. fallax of La Céptde, the one 
with teeth, the other without, but externally very similar. Baron Cuvier, 
in the second edition of his Régne Animal, Vol. II., p. 319, has advanced 
the Shads to the rank of a genus, separating them from the Herrings, on 
account of the difference in the form of their intermaxillary bones. 
The Allis of Pennant’s Zoology in the Clup. Alosa of M. Cuvier. 
The Clupea Leachii is figured on Plate XII. 
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