New York AGRICULTURI\L Experifent Srartion. 337 
solution and the other copper preparations seem to have checked the 
disease, while in others it has not produced the slightest effect. 
Briefly, the line of treatment we usually adopt is to cut out the 
canes which show the disease, early in the spring before the buds 
start. Then we spray or wash the vines thoroughly with a strong 
solution of sulphate of iron, doing this of course before the buds 
begin to swell. The vines are then watched closely, and at the first 
appearance of anthracnose we apply the sulphur and lime powder by 
means of a bellows. It will certainly do no harm to spray with 
Bordeaux mixture or other copper preparations, beginning the 
* 
applications as }ou suggest, as soon as growth starts. 
Respectfully. 
(Signed.) B. T. GALLOWAY, 
Chief. 
APPLE AND Pear ScaB (fusicladiwn dendriticum, and Fusicladium 
pyrinum, F'ck]). 
These fungi are so closely related that for general treatment 
they may be classed as identical and the same remedies applied 
in all cases. They are found on the leaves and young twigs as 
well as the fruit, and may be said to be universally distributed 
through every orchard where the fruit which they attack is 
grown. There may be a few exceptions in favored localities 
where the disease has not found a place, but they are rare. 
Some varieties are more free from it than others, as R. I. Green- 
ing, the Russetts, Ben Davis, Maiden’s Blush, Rawle’s Janet 
Duchess, Yellow Bellflower, Wine Sap, etc., while Early Harvest, 
Fameuse or Snow ‘Apple, Northern Spy, Fall Pippin, and many 
more, are rarely exempt from the scab. 
On the leaves.— It appears first in small olive-green ne quite 
round and well defined. . As it grows older it takes on a velvety 
appearance and the patches or spots become irregular, often 
running together and extending to the young growth. 
On the fruit—The development of the disease on the fruit is 
much the same as on the leaves. Starting from the center, the 
spots grow or extend outward until large portions of the fruit are 
covered. The fruits become deformed as the portions affected are 
arrested in their development, making the fruits one-sided and 
very unsightly. The fungus attacks the fruit very early in the 
season, often when about the size of small peas, and possibly 
before all of the petals have fallen; but this is not definitely 
43 
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