176 Mr. H. W. Bates on the Nymphaline 
The following Table of the section Rhopalocera, founded on an im- 
perfect one given in the memoir above alluded to, will give a clearer 
idea of what I consider to be the position of the Nymphalinc in a 
linear series, commencing with the group which in a natural system 
ought to stand at the head of the order. 
Order LEPIDOPTERA. 
Section Ruopatocera, or Drurna. 
Family 1. Nymphalide. Front legs imperfect in both sexes; in 
the 2 wanting the tarsal claws; inthe ¢ the fore tarsi 
quite rudimentary, consisting of one or two spineless 
joints. Pupa suspended freely by the tail. 
a. Lower disco-cellular nervule of the hind wing perfect. 
Subfam. 1. Danaine. Larve smooth, with fleshy processes. 
Fore-wing submedian nervure of the imago double at - 
its origin. (This subfamily includes the greater part of 
the Heliconide of authors.) 
Subfam. 2. Satyrine*. Larve with bifid tails, spineless. Palpi 
of the imago generally compressed and fringed with 
long hair-scales. 
Subfam. 3. Brassoline. Larve generally with bifid tails, spine- 
less. Hind wing of the imago furnished with a pre- 
discoidal cell. (Pavonia, Opsiphanes, Dynastor, Dasy- 
ophthalma, Penetes, Narope, Brassolis.) 
Subfam. 4. Acreine. Larve studded with branched spines. 
Palpi of the imago thick and scantily clothed with hair. 
Subfam. 5. Heliconine. Larve studded with branched spines. 
Palpi of the imago clothed with fine scales, and hairy in 
front. 
b. Lower disco-cellular nervule, at least of the hind wing, more or less 
atrophied. 
Subfam. 6. Nymphaline. 
Family 2. Erycinide. Six perfect legs in 2; four in ¢’, the anterior 
tarsi consisting only of one or two joints and spineless. 
Subfam. 1. Libythwine. Pupa suspended freely by the tail. 
Subfam. 2. Stalachtine. Pupa secured rigidly by the tail in an 
inclined position without girdle. 
* Dr. Felder has recently detected a commencement of bifurcation of the 
base of the submedian nervure in Hetera and other genera of Satyridae—a fea- 
ture which confirms the view, suggested by other parts of structure, of a near 
relationship between the Dauainz and Satyrine. 
