294 PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. 
Birp AND Eca DESTRUCTION. 
Before the arrival of the white man, the Indian, the Eskimo, the 
fox, and the polar bear levied contributions on the multitudes of birds 
nesting along the coast. ‘These contributions of eggs and young were 
comparatively small in amount and probably had little effect on the 
numbers of the birds. In the day of Cartwright more systematic 
efforts were made, yet the number of eggs taken was still comparatively 
small. Thus on June 16, 1776, he records: ‘After breakfast I 
went in a skiff with two of the people to Swallow and Middle Islands; 
we killed nine eider ducks, one black-duck, and a gull, and gathered 
five hundred and six eggs. Five hands went after dinner to Beaver 
and Speckled Islands; they killed nine ducks and gathered five 
hundred eggs; and the skiff which I sent out yesterday returned this 
morning with twelve ducks, a lord [c' Histrionicus histrionicus], and 
seven hundred and twenty-six eggs.” 
On July 6, 1776: ‘‘Proceeded to Egg Rock where they killed six 
ducks and two pigeons, and gathered two hundred and fifty eggs. 
This is the fourth time that this rock has been robbed this year, and 
we have taken in all, about a thousand eggs off it, although it is not 
above a hundred and fifty yards long, and fifteen broad.” And again 
on June 18, 1786, he took from the Duck Islands “‘eighteen eider 
ducks and above a thousand eggs.” On June 17, 1777, a female 
polar bear and cub were shot on Ledge Island and he says: “On 
examining the paunches of the bears they found them well filled with 
eggs. I had often heretofore observed that all the nests upon an 
island had been robbed, and the down pulled out; but I did not know 
till now how those things had happened.” 
Audubon, in 1833, was filled with horror and disgust at the destruction 
that was then going on. The following is from his Labrador “ Jour- 
nal’”’ for June 21, 1833, written at American Harbor: 
“We ascertained to-day that a party of four men from Halifax took 
last spring nearly forty thousand eggs, which they sold at Halifax and 
other towns at twenty-five cents per dozen, making over $800; this 
was done in about two months. Last year upwards of twenty sail 
were engaged in ‘egging’; so some idea may be formed of the birds 
that are destroyed in this rascally way. The eggers destroy all the 
eggs that are sat upon, to force the birds to lay again, and by robbing 
them regularly they lay till nature is exhausted, and few young are 
