TOWNSEND AND ALLEN: LABRADOR BIRDS. 291 
mistaken in his identification, but we cannot believe that he made 
an error in the case of other birds such as the Oyster-catcher, Least 
Tern, or Black-throated Loon. It seems probable that some of these 
birds were on the frontiers of their breeding grounds in southern 
Labrador and that as the numbers of birds were diminished by’ the 
agency of man, the species as a whole withdrew its outposts and the 
more favorable central portions of its range were alone utilized. For 
example the Least Tern which Audubon found breeding in Labrador, 
also formerly bred on the Massachusetts coast north of Cape Ann 
but is not found now north of Cape Cod. In a similar way the Black- 
throated Loon is not now known to breed in southern Labrador, 
but Audubon found it preparing to breed in that part of the penin- 
sula. 
In the summer of 1849, Dr. Horatio R. Storer with his brother 
F. H. Storer, and Dr. Jeffries Wyman, explored the southern coast of 
Labrador from American Harbor to Red Bay. They were there 
from July 20th to September 25th. Dr. Storer published in the 
Journal of the Boston society of natural history the results of his 
studies on the Labrador fishes. His manuscript journal, kindly lent 
us through his son Dr. Malcolm Storer, contains several interesting 
observations on birds which are noted elsewhere in this paper. Dr. 
Storer’s bird skins were unfortunately largely destroyed by the damp- 
ness of the climate. 
Dr. Henry Bryant studied the birds of the Bay of St. Lawrence in 
the summer of 1860, visiting Bird Rock and the southern coast of 
Labrador from the Romaine River on the west to Chateau on the 
east. 
Dr. Elhott Coues visited Labrador in the summer of 1860 in order 
to procure specimens of birds and eggs for the Smithsonian institution. 
He arrived at Sloop Harbor on the southern coast about the 3d of 
July. Leaving there on the 6th, he proceeded directly to Esquimaux 
Bay, where the greater part of the summer was spent. He was at 
Rigolet for a few days. On August 15th, he sailed to Henley Harbor 
on the Straits of Belle Isle and remained there two weeks before 
sailing for home. 
A. E. Verrill, in 1861, studied the natural history of the Bay of 
St. Lawrence, particularly the island of Anticosti. He extended his 
observations, however, to the limits of Labrador, visiting the Mingan 
Islands from July 4th to July 11th. 
