694 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1908. 



stones, bound with loam, the walls themselves, about 1 meter thick, 

 were once constructed of strong wooden joists or panels, with sun- 

 dried bricks in single files. When fire destroyed the building, the 

 woodwork vanished, its space being filled with debris and rubble 

 (" b " on pi. 6), while the brickwork was burnt red, so that the walls 

 are still about 1 meter above the ground (" a " on pi. 6). In one of 

 these rooms, shoved into those parts of the wall from which the wood- 

 work was burnt out, cuneiform tablets of the archives are said to have 

 been found. The latter may have been originally preserved either in 

 the basement or in the upper stoiy. 



The nature of the building to which the archive rooms belonged, 

 whether palace or temple, can not be determined until further exca- 

 vating is done. It extends far eastward over the plateau of the 

 acropolis and has left remnants on the surface as well as under 

 ground. 



More definite details can be obtained about the site of the second 

 archive which Makridy Bey discovered in the spring of 1907 before 

 our arrival. A detailed account of the circumstances under Avhich 

 the cuneiform tablets were discovered and a discussion of the ques- 

 tion as to how they came to this place is discussed by Winckler. In 

 our opinion the archive remains were lying at the east side of the 

 large building which has been taken for a palace. After a thorough 

 examination by Krencker it was shown to have been a colossal temple. 

 It was surrounded on all sides by paved streets, and close by, as at 

 the Egyptian temples and old Cretan palaces, stood the vaults or 

 magazines, narrow structures in regular arrangement, which, though 

 once destroyed by fire, still contain the complete number, though 

 in broken condition, of the vessels for receiving the revenues in kind 

 of the temple. In some of the rooms of the eastern magazine ('' b " 

 on pi. 7) the tablets were found between the foundation walls. The 

 mode of building the magazines was the same as that of the archives 

 on the Boyuk-Kale, walls of panel work and sun-dried bricks upon 

 stone foundations, only that here the walls entirely disappeared. 



The temple itself was built in the same or a similar manner, only 

 more solidly; the thick walls had a socle, about a meter high, of 

 large blocks above the foundation. Hence after the destruction of 

 the upper part by fire, enough remained of the stone socle to deter- 

 mine the ground plan of the entire building. This exhibits in 

 general the character of the Mediterranean temple, but is substan- 

 tially different from the temj)le plans of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and 

 North Syria. It represents a quadrangular court; on the south it 

 is accessible by a peculiar portal, and on the north side is a pillared 

 hall; behind, in the midst of a group of rooms, there is a space, 

 peculiar by its situation and its windows, which reach down to the 

 socle, and in it, at the north wall, there is a large pedestal (" a " to 



