9 ' TURDIDZ 
5. Turpus varius, Pallas. Wahzte’s Thrush. 
One Rimswell, Withernsea, November 1st, 1881 [‘ Zool.,’ 1884, p. 174], 
now in York Museum. Another, Waplington Manor, near Pocklington, 
January, 1882 [‘ Zool.,’ 1882, p. 74], Backhouse. 
6. Turpus meruLA, Linn. Blackbird. 
Common and resident. Very large immigration in the autumn, 
almost exclusively cock birds, the young with black bills first, the old 
much later. The bulk come in October and at intervals to the end of 
the year. The spring departure is earlier than with any other of the 
turdine commencing from the end of February. 
7. Turpus TorquaTus, Linn. Ring-Ouzel. 
Occurs on double passage. In the autumn, from middle of September 
through October, both old and young. There is often a very considerable 
return immigration at Flamborough and Spurn in April. Two adult 
males with much white in their plumage were closely observed at 
Kilnsea, Holderness, on February 25th, 1893. There are authentic 
instances of the ring-ouzel nesting near Beverley and near Gainsborough 
in Lincolnshire. 
8. SAXICOLA G@NANTHE (Linn.). Weheatear. 
A spring visitor, nesting in several localities in the district on sandy 
commons and near the coast; arrives from the last week in March and 
through April. An immense migration in the autumn to the south along 
the coast, in August and to the middle of September, and stragglers to 
first week of November. A large race, which perches on bushes and 
trees, passes through the district in May and returns later in the autumn ; 
these latter are a richer brown-buff and have longer legs than the 
common and local wheatear. 
9. SAXICOLA STAPAZINA, VIEILLOT. Black-throated W heatear. 
September 18th, 1892, one, an adult male of this beautiful South 
European species was seen and sketched by Mr. H. B. Hewetson, at the 
Spurn. [‘ Zool.,’ 1892, p. 424, and ‘ Nat.,’ 1893, p. 7] [‘ Saunders’ 
Manual,’ 2nd ed., p. 23.| 
10. SAXICOLA DESERTI, Riippell. Desert W heatear. 
October 17, 1885, one, a female, shot in the Spurn district [‘ Zool.,’ 
1885, p. 479; ‘ Nat.,’ 1884-85, p. 887], now in the collection of Mr. J. H. 
Gurney [‘ Saunders’ Manual,’ 2nd ed., p. 25]. 
11. PRATINCOLA RUBETRA (Linn.). Whinchat. 
A summer visitor, ariving from the second week in April to the 
middle of May: nesting generally throughout the district. A large 
arrival in the autumn, the birds, along with many others, passing south 
by the coast. 
12. PRATINCOLA RUBICOLA (Linn.), Stonechat. 
Local, but nesting regularly, particularly close to the coast; many 
remain during the winter. There are large accessions to the ranks of the 
local birds in the autumn on their passage south, principally females and 
young of the year. 
