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tant duties of nursing-father. These he fulfils indeed 

 almost alone, iu order to give his mate time to rest 

 before a new sitting. "When it is necessary to brings 

 up the young by hand, a bit of white bread, or some 

 biscuit, should be pounded very fine, and this powder 

 should be mixed with well-bruised rape seed. This 

 composition serves, with a little yolk of egg and water, 

 to make a paste, which is given to the young birds on 

 a quill cut like a spoon ; each nursling requires for a 

 meal four beakfuls, well piled upon the quill, and 

 these meals must not be fewer than ten or twelve a 

 day. 



The young should remain warmly covered by the 

 mother as long as they continue unfledged ; that is to 

 say, generally for twelve days : on the thirteenth day 

 they begin to eat alone. In four weeks they may be 

 placed in other cages of a suiEcient size ; but they 

 must still for some weeks be fed with the above- 

 mentioned paste, conjointly with the food of full- 

 grown birds ; for the sudden privation of this nou- 

 rishment often occasions death, especially when 

 moulting. 



Experience proves that generally those canaries 

 which are hatched in a large garden aviary, where 

 they enjoy fresh air, and considerable space for 

 the exercise of their wings, are more vigorous, 

 more healthy, and more robust than those which 



