162 ALPINES AND BOG-PLANTS 
invariably dying after the first year. As for Martagon, 
though, it is so robust a species that it might well be 
established in our woods—and indeed has so established 
itself in several counties of England. 
From its very first introduction Lilium auratum, 
leader of the Archeleirions, struck the British Public 
between the eyes, and became the type of splendour 
among Lilies. It is indeed a noble and magnificent plant, 
though, for my own part, I do not think it surpasses 
Krameri and Chloraster, sovereigns of the Euleirion 
group. But, of the tall Lilies, it is the finest garden 
sort. I have not yet indeed mentioned Kramert and 
longiflorum for my bank. My reason is that, do what 
you may with Krameri— provide it with well-rotted 
manure, and silver sand, and so forth—you will rarely 
see its huge rosy trumpets more than once, and you may 
think yourself lucky if you see them atall. Longiflorum, 
again, Browni, Chloraster, splendid, snowy, creamy trum- 
pets, are not always to be really trusted as perennials, 
and I am only admitting to my bank Lilies that with 
precaution you can make and keep as soundly perennial 
as any Spiraea. Nepalense and neilgherrense are of more 
than doubtful hardiness; the new, beautiful, fine-leaved 
sutchuenense is not yet proved; sulphureum and Lowi 
are of no hardiness at all. Wallichianum and washing- 
tonianum, stalwart and lovely, are difficult and capricious ; 
Parryi, the joy of Californian upland bogs, with canary- 
coloured trumpets, is a perfect fiend, at once a miff and 
a mimp; the rare Himalyan polyphyllum, a glorified, 
pearly Martagon, is now, I think, unprocurable, as well 
as very difficult; as for Alexandrae, I have already 
recorded my opinion of that delicate hybrid. 
So now we return to auratum. ‘This Lily is the type of 
the copse Lilies, and in awratum we may notice the rule that 
applies to its whole cousinhood ; all these Lilies love to 
