70 CRUISE OF STEAMER CORWIN IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN. 
PASSERCULUS SANDWICHENSIS (Gmel.) Baird. 
(36.) THE SANDWICH SouND SPARROW. 
On the Aleutian Islands this is a common summer resident, and thence east and south along 
the Alaskan shore it is alsocommon. It has not been recorded from the Seal Islands, hence its 
northern range appears to be limited to this chain of islands and the adjoining coast as given. 
During the migrations it is found along the coast as far south as Oregon and Washington Terri- 
tories, but its breeding limit in this region is still unknown. Throughogt the northern part of its 
range it is known to breed, and we found it as late as October, 1881, at Ounalaska, and it arrived 
at this place the first of May, 1877. Some probably remain the entire winter, but the majority 
pass farther south. Its habits are like those of its congeners, keeping to the grassy flats and the 
shore close along the water’s edge, where a portion of its food is gleaned. This also is one of the 
several cases in which the Aleutian Islands and adjoining region furnish a stouter, longer billed 
bird than is found in the closely allied forms of the mainland. Among these may be named 
Melospiza cinerea, Leucosticte grisienucha, and the Kodiak Aegiothii and Pinicola, in addition to the 
case in hand, as showing some of the most striking instances of this peculiarity. 
PASSERCULUS SANDWICHENSIS ALANDINUS (Bp.) Ridgw. 
(37.) THE WESTERN SAVANNA SPARROW. 
All along the coast of Bering Sea, at least to Point Hope and probably to Point Barrow, this 
is acommon bird, especially along the coast between the Alaskan Peninsula and Kotzebue Sound. 
Wherever the open moist stretches of comparatively level country afford suitable haunts, it is 
found in large numbers. Although anthinus has been recorded from Saint Michael’s and the 
Yukon region, it is owing to an erroneous identification, as is shown by an examination of the 
specimens upon which this claim was based, all of which are referable to Alandinus. Anthinus is 
strictly limited to the coast of California and is unknown to the north of this region. On the 
contrary alandinus breeds far to the north, extending its breeding range inside the Arctic Circle, 
and its southern range in summer does not appear to encroach on that of anthinus. In winter, 
however, it is found passing south and mingling with its relatives in the coast region of California. 
ZONOTRICHIA GAMBELI INTERMEDIA Ridgw. 
(38.) THE INTERMEDIATE WHITE-CROWNED SPARROW. 
Along the Alaskan Coast, north of the Aliaskan Peninsula to Kotzebue Sound, the White- 
crowned Sparrow is a rather common summer visitor and nests in many places. It is one of the 
most musical birds that reaches these high latitudes along the coast. With the opening spring 
and appearance of the first flowers comes this handsome songster, whose charming notes and 
familiar presence about the houses render it an agreeable accompaniment of spring. The last 
of May, it appears in the vicinity of Saint Michael’s, and, taking the wood pile or some other 
convenient spot for its stage, sings at intervals during the entire day. Pleasant frosty mornings 
particularly are enlivened by the notes of this bird, and I recall with pleasure the feeling of 
exhilaration always produced by its song which seemed to form a part of the clear, fresh, frosty 
atmosphere and the brightening face of nature. For a week or so after the bird’s arrival its 
familiar presence is joyfully proclaimed by notes from the places mentioned, after which it 
quits the vicinity of man for the sheltering thickets on the hillside, where it performs the duties 
of the season. A few weeks later, during the last of July or the first of August, it is ready 
to come about the houses again, a memory of the good things found there early in the season 
serving to draw the bird from all sides. The weed patches and grassy knolls in the vicinity of the 
Fort or the native village are filled with these birds, and with their young they wax fat and sauey 
upon the fare before them. The young frequently come into the court yard and make themselves 
thoroughly at home; and, if the truth be told, now and then one falls a victim to misplaced conti- 
dence, and, in the shape of a dried mummy, travels to distant parts of the world, where, among a 
host of his ilk, he reposes as a specimen. In autumn old and young alike have but the ordinary 
