- LIST OF THE FISHES OF JAMAICA. 
VERTEBRATA. 
ICHTHYOPSIDA. 
Class, PISCES. 
Sub-class, PALASICHTHYES. 
Order, CHONDOPTERYGII. (Sharks and Rays). 
Family, CARCHARIID. 
Sharks with two dorsal fins and a nictitating membrane. 
I. genus, CARCHARIAS, Cuvier. 
For figure of teeth, see Stud. Fish., 317. Teeth triangular. 
1. Carcharias terre-nove (Richards) Gill, Ground 
shark. Tiger shark. White shark. Caudal fin 
with a narrow blackish edge. The Squalus car- 
charias quoted by Hill is more likely to be this 
than Risso’s species. 
2. ©. prionodon. Mentioned in Hill’s list. 
Ir. genus, SpHyRNA, Raf. 
3. Sphyrna zygena (L.) Mill & Henle. Shovel-nose 
shark. Hammerhead shark. Zygena vulgaris of 
Hill’s list. 
i. genus, Mustetvs, Cuv. 
Teeth obtuse, arranged like pavement. 
4, Mustelus maculatus. Mentioned in Hill’s list. This 
cannot be the M. maculatus (Kner. & Steind., 
1867), as that is of later date. 
Family, LAMNID. 
Sharks with two dorsal fins and no nictitating mem- 
brane. 
Iv. genus, ALOPECIAS, 
5. Alopecias vulpes (Gmel.) Bonap. 
Hill’s list. 
Family, SCYLLIID_. 
Sharks with one dorsal fin and no nictitating mems 
brane. 
v. genus, SCYLLIUM. 
6. Scylliwm canicula (L.) Cuy. Larger spotted Dog-fish. 
Hill gives a Squalus canicula, which if rightly identi- 
fied would be this. Giinther says “ the fishermen of 
some localities do not disdain to eat them.” 
vi. genus, GinGitymMostoma, Miill & Henle. 
7. Ginglymostoma cirratum (Gmel.) M. & H. Uniform 
brownish. 
The Scylliwm cirratum recorded by Gosse, Nat. Soj. 
Ja.. pp. 241, 499, is presumably this. 
Family, PRISTIDA. 
vil. genus, Pristis, Latham. 
8. Pristis antiquorum, Lath, The Saw-fish. 
Family, RHINOBATID. 
Rays with a long and strong tail, having a caudal and 
two dorsal fins. 
vill. genus, RHINOBATUS. 
9, Rhinobatus undulatus, Olfers. Sea-Fiddler. 
Family, TORPEDINID#. 
Rays with a broad smooth disc, and an electric organ 
1x. genus, Narcrng, Henle. 
10. Narcine brasiliensis (Olfers) Henle. Trembler. Tor- 
pedo bancroftii of Hill’s list. 
Family, RAITDA. 
Rays with a broad rhombic dise and no serrated cau- 
dal spine. 
x. genus, Rasa, L. 
11. Raja batis L. Quoted in Hill’s list, but probably 
an error, as the species is European. 
Family, TRYGONIDA. 
Rays with the pectoral fins extending to end of snout. 
x1. genus, TryGon, Adans. 
12. Trygon pastinaca (L.) Cuv. The sting-ray. Body 
smooth, coloration uniform, or sometimes with 
scattered whitish spots. 
Squalus vulpes of 
13. 
14, 
16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
22. 
23. 
24, 
25. 
26. 
27. 
28. 
XII. genus, Urotopnus, Miill. & Henle. 
Urolophus torpedinus (Desm.) M.& H. Trygon ja- 
maicensis of Hill’s list is probably this: Upper 
parts with numerous yellow, dark-edged ocelli; 
or more uniform. Figured by Sloane as Pasti- 
naca marina, plate 246, fig. 1. 
Family, MYLIOBATID &, 
Rays with very broad pectoral fins not extending to 
end of snout, 
xi. genus, DicErosaris. 
15. The species recorded by Hill as Cephaloptera 
banksiana and C, manatis should belong to this 
genus, bnt they require further investigation. A 
aS of the genus is figured in Stud. Fish, p. 
xiv. genus, Antopatis Miill. & Henle. 
Aetobatis nairinort (Euphr.) M. & H. Myliobatis 
flagellum and M. nairinari of Hill’s list. Body 
smooth, dise generally with numerous round 
bluish-white spots. 
Xv. genus, CeratorTerA, Mill, & Henle. 
Ceratoptera vampyrus (Mitch.) Dum. Tail about 
as long as body ; body and tail rough, covered 
with small protuberances. This species grows 
to animmense size, as much as 15 feet broad, and 
three or four feet thick. - 
Sub-class, TELEOSTEI. 
Order, ACANTHOPTERYGII. 
Family, PERCID&. 
Marine or freshwater carnivorous fishes, with oblong 
bodies usually covered with toothed scales. No 
barbels. American writers divide this large family 
into several, which are perhaps better regarded as 
sub-families. 
Xvi, genus, LaBrax, Cuvier. 
According to Gill, there isa genus Labrax of prior 
date, comprising some North Pacific fishes. The 
American Labracinz have been referred by Jordan 
to Roccus and Morone. 
Labrax lineatus (Bl.) Cuy. & Val. 
L. pluvialis, Hill. “Marked with bands like the 
Perca fluviatilis of Europe.” 
L. mucronatus, C. & V. Has no lines or black 
bands. 
XVII. genus, CeNTRoPoMUS, C. & V. 
Centropomus undecimalis. (Bl) C. & V. Snook. 
According to Hill, there are two forms, the Sea 
Snook, long and silvery, and the River Snook, 
broad and brassy. ~~ 
Xvill. genus, CENTROPRISTIS, Cuv. 
Centropristis tabacarius, C. & V. Red-brown, dar- 
ker above, paler beneath, with a whitish spot on 
each side. 
C. awrorubens, C. & V. Back vermillion, flanks with 
irregular yellow spots. 
C. rufus, C.& V. Uniformily dark red. 
XIx. genus, Trisorropts, Gill. 
Trisotropis bonaci, Poey. Violet-brown, with ob- 
scure bluish-white blotches on the head and body 
Rock Cod. 
T. guttatus (Schn.) Gill. Serranus cardinalis and 
S. rupestris of Cuv. & Val. 
xx. genus, ENNEACENTRUS, Gill. 
Enneacentrus punctatus (L.) Poey. Serranus quati- 
viri and S. outalibi of Cuv. & Val. Butter-Fish. 
XXL genus, SeRRANTS, Cuvier. 
This genus of Sea Ferches formerly included Triso- 
tropis, Epinephelus and Enneacentrus. The follow- 
ing species may in part at Jeast have to be distri- 
buted in other genera, but [ know nothing of them 
beyond what is given by Hill and Cuvier & Valen- 
ciennes. 
Serranus tigris. - Given in Hill’s list. 
