64 ODOROGRAPHIA. 
CHAPTER III. 
THE CITRINE ODOURS. 
Tuer Citrine odour is a very distinct type. It is represented by 
the products of the very numerous family of the Citrus,—trees 
which flourish in all parts of the Tropics and semi-tropical 
countries, furnishing a great variety of essential oils, varying 
considerably in perfume, from their flowers, leaves, and fruit. 
The word “orange” is derived from the Sanskrit “ Narunga” 
and the Arabic “ Narung;” these names apply to the different 
varieties of the Citrus aurantium. 
The Sweet or Portugal orange is the Citrus aurantium of Risso, 
who enumerates nineteen varieties. It is a native of Asia, and 
cultivated in all warm countries on account of its delicious fruit ; 
but in every other respect the Bitter orange is superior to it, 
The Bitter or Seville orange is the Citrus Bigaradia, Duhamel, 
C. aurantium, var. amara, Linneus, and the C. vulgaris of Risso, 
who describes twelve varieties. It is a native of India, and is 
cultivated in most of the warm countries of the world. 
The Bitter orange is propagated from seed, and is considered by 
most cultivators to be quite distinct from the Sweet orange, 
although not differing from it in any important botanical point ; 
but it is at once distinguished from it by the appearance of the 
rind of its fruit, which is rougher, of a deeper reddish yellow, and 
by the very bitter taste of its fruit. The rind, the flowers, and the 
leaves are all more odorous than those of the Sweet orange. In 
the south of France the orange-trees are grown from pips, and the 
young plants are grafted when about three years old, generally with 
the Bitter orange. They are also propagated by grafting the 
Bitter orange on to seedlings of the Sour orange and on to rooted 
cuttings of the Citron, which is a rapid method of propagation and 
