THE CITRINE ODOURS. Vo 
bergamot, viz. by rasping the unripe fruits by rubbing them over 
a perforated concave metal rasp fixed over a basin, squeezing the 
pulp thus obtained, and purifying by filtration the oil which 
exudes. Thus obtained, it has the peculiar sweet sharp odour 
characteristic of the fruit, and very superior as regards delicacy of 
fragrance to the oil obtained by distillation. The flowers yield a 
“neroli,” and the leaves and young twigs a “ petit grain” oil by 
distillation. 
The Lime harvest is heaviest from September to January, but 
the Montserrat plantations yield a considerable return all the year 
round. The trees require regular pruning, and to be freed from 
the mistletoe and other mischievous parasites, so that their culti- 
vation during the years that elapse before they come into bearing 
involves a considerable outlay. Plants raised from seed come into 
full bearing in seven years. The Lime flourishes best in a light 
soil near the sea: 
The physical qualities and properties of oil of limes have been 
carefully studied by Watts*. Huis investigations show that “ pure 
‘écuelled’? or hand-made oil is of a decidedly yellow colour, 
varying in intensity, being darker in new specimens. ‘The sp. gr. 
also varies, being higher in newer samples,—the mean sp. gr. of 
seven samples, all under twelve months old, being 0°8734; the 
distilled oil of same age being 0°8554. LEcuelled oil may be 
regarded as an almost saturated solution of citroptene or lime- 
camphor, and this may be made a means of distinguishing it from 
the distilled oil. The difference in flavour and aroma, however, is 
so marked as to scarcely require any other means of distinguishing 
écuelled from distilled oil, the former having a decided and fragrant 
lemon-like smell, whilst the latter frequently possesses little more 
than the smeli of turpentine. The distilled oil is usually almost 
colourless, is specifically lighter, and contains no citroptene. When 
the citroptene is treated with oxidizing agents, nitric-acid or 
chromic-acid mixture, a red resinous acid body is produced ; so, if 
a sample of oil of limes be agitated with .chromic-acid mixture for 
some few minutes, and the mixture filtered, the red resin will be 
left on the filter and sides of the test-tube if the oil be hand-made, 
but will not appear if a distilled oil.” 
As regards the production of oil of limes at Trinidad, the Director 
of the Botanic Gardens at that place stated+, in answer to an 
* Pharm. Journ. [3] xv. p. 322. + Ibid. xiv. p. 1005, 
