92 ODOROGRAPHIA. 
There are in all four varieties of this species—the single, double, 
great double, and ¢rifoliatum. The common double still retains 
its twining habit, but the branches of the great double variety are 
erect or spreading. Flowers of one of the double varieties, known 
in India as “ Moogree,’’ are used as votive offermgs in religious 
ceremonies. The J. Sambac, var. trifoliatum, which in India is 
called the Kudda-Mulla, differs from the other varieties of Sambac 
in many points; its flowers are almost constantly solitary, the 
calyx is divided into a greater number of segments, and the leaves, 
instead of beg regularly opposite, almost constantly grow three 
together at the extremities of the flowering branches, and in other 
parts indifferently—singly, opposite, or ternate. The perfume of 
the flowers is very powerful; this is called the “ Tuscan” Jasmine, 
as it was first imported from India by the Grand Duke of Tuscany 
about the year 1691. The bloom of this plant is much admired 
by females in India, who, in the evening of the day, string it into 
chaplets and necklaces. The flowers of both single and double 
varieties bloom throughout the greater part of the year. The use 
of the flowers for perfuming tea in China is described in the 
chapter on Citrine odours. 
J. odoratissimum is a native of Madeira ; its flowers are yellow, 
and have the advantage of retaining when dry their natural 
perfume, which is suggestive of a mixture of jasmine, jonquil, 
and orange-blossom. J. azonicum is also a native of the island 
of Madeira, and has long been cultivated in greenhouses in 
England, where, under favourable circumstances, it will continue 
to produce its fragrant white flowers nearly through the whole 
year. 
The use of J. paniculatum for scenting tea is described above. 
It is a native of China, with white flowers. 
The J. hirsutum, a native of China and India, is a very beautiful 
shrub. The large white flowers are very fragrant. The leaves 
and stem are hairy, as its name indicates ; the degree of pubescence 
varies very much according to the age, the leaves especially being 
much more hairy while young than in adult plants. It is a native 
of China and Bengal. The dark green foliage, which is very abun- 
dant, covers whatever it grows against nearly as closely as ivy, 
and forms a remarkable contrast to the snow-white blossom. The 
flowers are sometimes nearly thirty in a bunch, showing in about 
August and continuing to be produced for several months. The 
