170 ODOROGRAPHIA. 
solution of eugenol by means of sulphuric acid, it is again 
agitated with ether to take up the eugenol, which can then be 
obtained in a pure state by distilling. Pure eugenol is heated 
for about two hours with acetic anhydride and thereby changed 
into acetoeugenol, and this liquid when cooled is to be carefully 
diluted with about twenty litres of warm water, and then into 
this mixture is allowed to flow gradually a solution of one and a 
half kilos of permanganate of potassium in about 200 litres of 
warm water, during which time the liquid is kept constantly 
stirred. By means of permanganate of potassium the aceto- 
eugenol is oxidized and the hydrate of the manganese dioxide is 
separated out. To the liquid filtered from the latter, hydrate of 
sodium is added ina small excess to give it a weak alkaline 
reaction, when the liquid is to be evaporated to the volume of 
about 25 litres. The liquid, concentrated in this way, is acidu- 
lated with sulphuric acid and agitated with ether, which last then 
takes up the vanillin formed in the described manner. It is then 
purified by any of the known methods.” 
Vanillin from Bran—A patent dated Dec. 27, 1876%*, was 
granted in France to Eugéne Sérullas, of Paris, for an artificial 
product having the odour of vanilla obtained from the husk of 
oats. The patentee claims to have discovered in the pericarp of 
oats an inodorous principle which he termed “ aveneine,” a sub- 
stance very soluble in boiling water and in alcohol. 
Bran, which is a commercial residue in the preparation of 
oatmeal, is exhausted by any of the known methods which are 
employed for the preparation of populin and other glucosides. 
The resulting aveneine is to be purified and oxidized by any of 
the usual processes, but to produce the complete transformation 
the mixture is to be boiled for two hours and a half. After 
cooling it is to be agitated with ether to extract the prodact of 
oxidation, and on evaporation of the ether the product can be 
collected and purified in the ordinary way. 
Vanillin from Siam benzoin.—Two parts of Siam benzoin and 
one part of slaked lime are boiled with water in an iron kettle, 
stirring constantly ; the resulting solution of benzoate of calcium 
is filtered, the filtrate acidulated with sulphuric acid and the 
* Brevet 116200. 
