LIGN-ALOES. 285 
having a more unctuous appearance than the first named; the 
Kumari and the Mandali, both also named after districts; the 
Kumari being of a lighter colour and the Mandali (or Gomandali) 
the most fragrant of all. 
The names Bart and Jabali have also been used to identify 
certain pale sorts marked with black lines or streaks. 
The oil or “ Uttur,” called also “ Agar-atar” and “ Agar-ka- 
itr,” is a perfume much admired in India. The process of ex- 
traction consists in bruising the wood in a mortar, or rasping it, 
macerating it m water and then distillmg it. It is sometimes 
adulterated by adding raspings of santal-wood to the still, and 
some fraudulent dealers sell lumps of the Agar after the oil has 
been distilled from it. 
Dr. Dymock states* that the varieties of Agar found in the 
Bombay market are three:—the Siam or Mawurdhee, the Singa- 
pore, and the Gargulee, also a wood resembling aloes in appearance 
called Tagger (probably obtained from Zanzibar), which is odor- 
iferous, and is used to adulterate the true Agar. 
Some of the specimens found in commerce in India may be 
derived from the two other species of Aguilaria, as the A. secun- 
daria, De C.,a native of the Moluccas +, it only differs from the A. 
Agallocha of Roxburgh in that its leaves are gradually acuminated 
and not abruptly so; also, although the A. Malaccensis is defined 
by Lamarck { as distinct from the other two species of Aqui- 
laria, Roxburgh considered it identical with his 4. Agallocha ; it 
isa native of Malacca and called Garo de Malacca, also Bois 
d@aigle. Cavanilles describes and gives a figure of the Garo de 
Malacca in his seventh Dissertation, p. 377, t. 224, under the 
name Aguilaria ovata, which is continued by Willdenow in his 
edition of the ‘Species Plantarum of Linneus,’ vol. ii. p- 629. 
His description differs very little from that of Lamarck, and his 
figures are considered by Roxburgh to agree with his A. Agallocha ; 
but whether the three species be distinct or not, the perfumed 
substance is yielded by all of them. 
Gamble says § that “ dkyan (the Burmese name for Agallocha) 
. * Mat. Med. Ind. pp. 239-241. 
+ Prodr. ii. p. 559, and Rumph. Amb. ii. tab. 10. 
t Encyel. i. p. 49. 
§ ‘ List of Trees and Shrubs of the Darjeeling District,’ 1878, and ‘Manual of 
Indian Timbers,’ 1881. ., 
