304 ODOROGRAPHIA. 
are simple throughout, several-celled (up to 6) ; the cuticle of the 
hairs is warty, which is especially very clearly perceptible in the 
younger hairs. On the upper and under sides are numerous 
glands, one kind bearing a small head upon a short stalk, the other 
(large glands 0:048 millim. thick) imbedded deeply in the epidermis 
and stalkless. In the former are drops of a greenish-yellow vola- 
tile oil, which occurs also in the hairs, as well as in the cells of the 
epidermis and the mesophyll. In the mesophyll, in the wall of 
the epidermis cells, and in the hairs, is a tannin substance, giving 
a green colour with iron.” 
Seven forms of leaves used to mix with the true leaves are 
described and figured by Dr. Paschkis. Observed microscopically, 
all of them differ from the true leaf in the characteristic structure 
of the hairs, cells, glands, ete.; and in the general form of the 
leaf six of them differ entirely in shape from the true leaf; they 
also differ in their system of venation, which is radiate from the 
base of the leaf, and not branching from one main central nerve. 
Amongst the leaves used as adulterants, the one most nearly 
approaching in shape and microscopic structure is the Plectranthus 
fruticosus (frequently grown in England for window decoration) 
but it is easily recognizable. Some of the other sophisticated 
leaves have been identified, such as Lavatera olbia and Pavonia 
Weldenii, besides the Urena lobata, var. sinuata, and Ocimum 
Basilicum, var. pilosum, already referred to. The mixing of these 
leaves is in many cases carried to such an extent as to constitute 
80 per cent. of the drug as found in bales. Dr. Paschkis states 
in his pamphlet that of the many samples examined by him only 
one was found to consist of the true leaf alone. 
In some of the bales examined in London a quantity of earth 
and mud has sometimes been found attached to the leaves, and of 
course adding to the weight. 
Under the name of Puchdé Pat, the leaves are found in every 
Bazaar throughout Hindustan, and the Arabs use it in great quan- 
tities for stuffing mattresses and pillows. 
An examination of oil of patchouli was made by Dr. Gladstone 
in 1864*, on a sample which he belived to be quite genuine, ob- 
tained from Dr. Piesse; also on a sample obtained from India. 
‘Both specimens were brownish yellow and slightly viscid. They 
commenced to boil at 257° C., at which temperature nearly all 
* Journ. Chem. Soc. [2] iii. 
