20 VINES 
the rows to loosen up the bottom as much as 
possible. Vines, more than other plants, require 
this deep trenching because their roots, instead 
of growing out horizontally, as those of many 
trees do, have a tendency to grow downward. 
I once had occasion to transplant a wistaria 
which had been growing in the same place for 
some fifteen years. When I dug down around 
the roots I found one big root running straight 
down. I dug down about six feet and was then 
obliged to cut it, as the end was not yet in sight. 
In planting a vine at the base of a tree or some 
place where only a single specimen is required, 
make a good, deep hole, the same as you would 
for a tree, and put some manure in the bottom. 
Make it a miniature trench and you will accom- 
plish in two seasons what it would take ten to 
achieve after merely sticking the plants in the 
ground. 
For old, run-down arbours, or where vines on 
a building are beginning to deteriorate, go out 
a safe distance from the plants and trench the 
soil as you would for a new planting; or, instead 
of letting the vines run down, give them a semi- 
annual application of some good fertilizer. 
Mulching is very beneficial to the plants, and, 
where possible, is certainly a good practice. 
