TO THE FLOWER GARDEN. Ill 



them for starting, each plant can then be kept to its proper 

 season. They are best propagated from cuttings of the young 

 shoots, which break from the collar, the same as with Dahlias, 

 the cuttings being put into sandy soil, and kept in a hotbed 

 till rooted. Cuttings of the old flowering stems cut into 

 lengths may also be used. When struck they must be grown 

 on until they become strong enough for flowering. The young 

 plants bloom weakly at first, but they soon acquire strength, 

 as they increase in size every season. The plants intended 

 for outdoor culture may be planted under a south wall, and 

 when they have done flowering they will die down partially ; 

 but the stems should not be cut down until the middle of 

 September, and then only to within four inches of the ground ; 

 and a large flower-pot may then be turned over them, and 

 covered wdth a heap of tan or litter. Plants may be had in 

 flower from June to October, or earlier if forced at the proper 

 season, 



ERYTHROL.ENA, [Composite.! HaK-hardy biennial. 

 Propagated by seeds. Sow in April, and keep the plants in a 

 frame during winter ; then plant out in May in rich peaty 

 soil, and where there is plenty of space. 



ERYTHRONIUM. Dog's-Tooth Violet. iLiliace^.] 

 Pretty dwarf hardy spring-flowering herbaceous perennials, 

 with tuberous roots. They grow in good garden soil, pre 

 ferring a good proportion of peat earth. Increased readily 

 by off"sets, 



ESCALLONIA, [Escalloniaceae,] Ornamental green- 

 house or half-hardy sub-evergreen shrubs, of w'hich one or 

 two species are useful for covering outdoor walls in mode- 

 rately sheltered situations, for which pui'pose they should 

 only be planted where the soil is w^ell drained and porous, 

 and not so rich as to excite luxuriant growth. They are 

 increased by layers (such as a mixture of loam, peat, and 

 road-grit) and by cuttings, and grow well in any moderately 

 good soil, E. macrantha, rose pink ; E. Motitevidensis, white ; 

 and E. rubra, pink or white. 



ESCHSCHOLTZIA, [Papaveraceae,] Hardy perennials, 

 which may be cultivated as annuals. The plants are procum- 

 bent, and form a low dense branching mass, abundantly fur- 

 nished with large poppy-like flowers, much m'ore showy than 



