260 GLEN NY 'S HANDBOOK 



of loam, leaf-mould, and peat in equal parts. S. galegifoHa, 

 S. Grei/ana, and S. Oshornii are worth growing. 



SWALLOW- WOET. See Asclepias. 



SWAN DAISY. See Brachycome. 



SWEET ALYSSUM. See Koniga. 



SWEET BRIER. See Rosa rubiginosa. 



SWEET PEA. See Lathyrus. 



SWEET SCABIOUS. See Asterocephalus. 



SWEET SULTAN. See Centaurea moschata. 



SWEETWILLIAM. See Dianthus barbatus. 



SYMPHIANDRA. [Campanulaceae.] Hardy perennial. 

 Dryish sandy loam. Seeds or cuttings. 



SYMPHORICARPUS. [Caprifoliacese.] Pretty deci- 

 duous shrubs, remarkable for the white berries which succeed 

 their flowers and remain through the winter. Common soil. 

 Suckers. 



SYRINGA. Lilac. [Oleacese.] This family comprises 

 the Lilac and its varieties. Well-known and favourite de- 

 ciduous shrubs, of which there are several very distinct kinds. 

 The common Lilac, S. vulgaris, gives white, red, and purple 

 varieties; the Persian Lilac, S. Persica, has a white as well as 

 a cut-leaved variety. There are some others, as S. Josikaa 

 and the Chinese S. PiotJiomagensis, which is perhaps the best 

 of all : they chiefly diff"er in the size of the foliage and flower. 

 All are hardy, and well deserving a place in all shrubberies. 

 They are propagated by layers and suckers, the latter of which 

 abound so much as to become troublesome unless regularly 

 removed, with the bit of root to which they are attached. 

 All these species grow naturally in the form of bushy shrubs, 

 but they are in every respect more desirable as standards. To 

 make them grow as standards the buds of the suckers with 

 single stems are all rubbed off, but two or three placed at and 

 near the top ; and, as the top advances in height, the under 

 branches are cut clean away, so that at no one time shall there 

 be more than the few top branches. When the single stem, 

 with its top three pairs of branches, has reached the desired 

 height, say six feet or less, the branches are allowed to 

 remain on and grow ; but the top is removed to prevent the 

 tree growing higher, and the ends of the branches are also 

 removed to encourage lateral shoots, which soon form a hand- 



