XANTHIUM. Small Burdock. [Compositas.] A genus 

 of weedy plants of easy culture. The flowers are in- 

 conspicuous, but the foliage may be effective in masses. 

 The species are X. stru7nariuin^ Orientale, spmosw?t, and echi- 

 natum. Easily propagated by seeds. 



Xanthorhiza. Yellow-wof. [Ranunculaceae.] A hardy 

 shrub, increasing rapidly by suckers. Soil, sandy loam, 

 rather moist. The dark-purple flowers are ver}-' pretty in 

 early spring, and the foliage is delicate and pretty. 



X. apiifolia (parsley-leaved) ; hardy shrub ; 3 feet ; flowers 

 purple, in May; North America; 1766. 



Xanthoxylum. [Xanthoxylaceoe.] A hardy tree, grow- 

 ing in any garden soil, and very easily propagated by seeds 

 or root-cuttings. 



X. fraxineiim (ash-like); hardy tree ; 15 feet; flowers white, 

 in April ; North America ; 1759. 



There are other species, mostly tender. 



Xeranthemum. [Compositae.] Hardy annuals of the 

 composite kind, now almost expelled from gardens by 

 the gayer annuals from California and elsewhere. They 

 must not be confounded with the show>^ yellow and white 

 Everlasting flowers (as they are called), which have been, 

 and indeed now are, sometimes named Xeranthemum. 

 They are among the most easily cultivated of annuals, re- 

 quiring only to be sown about May in the open border, and 



379 



