TRANSPLANTING. 39 
without injuring the fibrils, and if the plant were immediately sup- 
plied with plenty of water, shading would not be required ; and, in- 
deed, when plants are turned out of a pot into the open garden 
without breaking the ball of earth round their roots, they are never 
shaded. The reason for this is, that as long as a plant remains where 
it was first sown, and under favourable circumstances, the evapora- 
tion from its leaves is exactly adapted to its powers of absorbing 
moisture ; it is therefore evident, that if, by any chance, the number 
of its mouths be diminished, the evaporation from its leaves should 
be checked also, till the means of supplying a more abundant evapo- 
ration are restored. 
The useof watering a transplanted plant, is as obvious as that of 
shading. It is simply to supply the spongioles with an abundance 
of food, that the increased quantity imbibed by each, may, in some 
degree, supply their diminished number. 
All plants will not bear transplanting, and those that have tap-roots. 
such as the carrot, are peculiarly unfitted for it. When plants — 
tap-roots are transplanted, it should be into very light soil, and wha 
eis called a puddle should be made to receive them. To do this, a 
hole or pit should be formed, deeper than the root of the plant, and 
into this pit water should be poured and earth thrown in and stirred, 
so as to half-fill it with mud. The tap-rooted plant should then be 
plunged into the mud, shaking it a little so as to let the mud pene- 
trate among its fibrous roots, and the pit should be then filled in with 
light soil. The plant must afterwards be shaded longer than is usual 
with other plants; and when water ‘s given, it should be poured 
down nearer to the main root than in other cases, as the lateral fi- 
brous roots never spread far from it. Plants with spreading roots, 
when transplanted, should have the pit intended to receive them, made 
shallow, but very wide in its diameter; so that the roots may be 
spread out in it to their fullest extent, except those that appear at all 
bruised or injured, which, as before directed, should be cut off with 
a sharp knife. 
It isa general rule, in transplanting, never to bury the collar of a 
plant; though this rule has some exceptions in the case of annuals. 
Some of these, such as balsams, send out roots from the stem above 
the collar; and these plants are always very much improved by trans- 
planting. Others, the fibrous roots of which are long and descend- 
ing, such as hyacinths, bear transplanting very ill, and when it is ab- 
rs 
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