CAMELLIA. 
done flowering in autumn. They 
produce their large lilach and white 
flowers in August and September, 
and occasionally ripen a few seeds, 
by which, or by offsets, they may 
be increased slowly. 
Cau’'tHa.— Ranunculdcee.—The 
Marsh Marigold. 
aLyca’NTHus. — Calycanthacee. 
—Deciduous shrubs from North 
America, with dark brownish purple 
flowers, remarkable for their fra- 
grance, as well as their rich colour. 
The plants thrive best in loam and 
peat, but they will grow in any soil 
that is not very stiff and moist ; and 
they are commonly propagated by 
layers. Most of what are called 
different species, are only varieties 
of C. floridus, the American All 
spice tree. ‘The scent of the flew- 
ers is commonly thought to resemble 
that of ripe fruit. Calycanthus pre- 
coz, the Japan Allspice, is now 
called by De Candolle, Chimonan- 
thus fragrans, or the Winter-flower, 
as it produces its flowers about 
Christmas.—See Cuimona'nTHUS.— 
[C. floridus is the sweet-scented 
shrub of the American gardens.— 
Ep.] 
Catyste‘e1a.— Convolouldcee.— 
The new name for the common 
hedge Convolvulus, and some ether 
species from America resembling it. 
The red variety of C. sépium, com- 
monly called the American Convol- 
vulus, makes a very pretty covering 
fora bower. They grow best in 
sandy or gravelly soil. 
Came'Luia.— Ternstremiacee.— 
Evergreen shrubs with splendid 
flowers, from China, of which C. 
japonica, and its numerous garden 
varieties, are in general cultivation 
in all the greenhouses of Europe 
and America. Some of the yarie- 
ties, as for example C. j. variegata, 
the variegated red, are so hardy as 
to stand the open air, either as 
CAMELLIA. 
tected during frosty weather. It is 
a curious fact, that many tender 
and half-hardy plants will grow 
freely, and produce abundance of 
flowers, if their roots and collars are 
protected, in a temperature that 
would kill them immediately, if 
these tender parts were exposed to 
the influence of the cold. Thus, 
when Camellias are planted out, if 
thé roois are protected during win- 
ter, by mulching, (that is, covering 
with straw or litter,) and the main 
trunk is wrapped round for about 
six or eight inches from the ground, 
with a hayband, or any other cover- 
ing, the rest of the plant may be 
left entirely exposed without its sus- 
taining the shghtest injury. Camel- 
lias are commonly cultivated in 
sandy loam and peat, and this soil 
is perhaps the best for them when 
they are grown in pots; but when 
they are planted out in a conserva- 
tory, or the open ground, they will 
thrive exceedingly well in sandy 
loam, mixed with rotten dung, or 
leaf-mould. When the plants are 
in a growing state, they require 
abundance of water, both at the 
roots, and over the leaves; taking 
care, however, never to wet the 
leaves when the sun is shining upon 
them ; as wherever this occurs, the 
leaves becoine stained, or blotched, 
and look as though they were seald- 
ed. When Camellias are kept in 
a greenhouse or conservatory, im- 
perfections in the glass will produce 
the same effect. The temperature 
of the Camellia house should be 
between fifty and sixty degrees dur- 
ing the growing season; but when 
the flower-buds are formed, it may 
be lower, till the beginning of win- 
ter, when the buds begin to swell. 
At this season the temperature 
ought not to be suffered to fall be- 
low fifty degrees, otherwise the 
buds wil be liable to drop off; and 
standards, or planted against a wall; | they will also drop, if watering be 
particularly if their roots are pro-| neglected. Ail the species and va- 
