CHERMES. 
155 
* 
CHIONANTHUS. 
Norman of Brighton; and a single , withering of its branches. They 
pale-purple, called the French Wall- 
flower, grown by Hopgood of Bays- 
water, and other nurserymen. C. 
alpinus is a pretty hardy little plant, 
with yellow flowers, well suited for 
growing in pots, or on rockwork. 
C. mutabilis is a curious species 
from Madeira, requiring the green- 
house, and flowering from Decem- 
ber to May. 
Cue.ipo\nium.— Papaverdcee. — 
The common Celandine, or C. md- 
jus, Swallow-wort, is a hardy peren- 
nial, with yellow flowers, common 
on the seacoast, and in churchyards, | 
in many parts of England. It grows. 
in any common soil, and is readily | 
increased by division of the roots, 
or by seeds, which it produces in 
undance. 
_Cuexo'ne. — Scrophularinee. — | 
Handsome herbaceous plants, na- | 
tives of North America, most of 
frequently attack the Py‘rus, or 
Cydonia japonica, and the snowy 
Mespilus, which they destroy ty 
sucking the sap out of the branches. 
The best way of getting rid of 
them is to wash and brush the 
branches with soft soap and water 
in winter and spring.—See A‘puis. 
Cuerry.—See Ce’rasus. 
Cuerry-Bay and Cuerry-Lav- 
REL.—Old English names for the 
common Laurel. 
Cuimona'ntuus. — Calycanthee. 
—C. fragrans, the Winter-flower 
(Calycanthus pre‘cor), and its va- 
rieties, are well deserving a place 
against a conservative wall, or in 
the conservatory ; for though hardy 
enough to stand our winters in the 
open air, yet from their very fra- 
grant flowers being produced in 
December, January, and February, 
'they are very liable to be injured 
which are, however, now included | 
in the genus Pentstemon. 
The four | 
still called Chelone, are C. glabra, | 
C. obliqua, C. Ly‘oni (C. major, 
Bot. Mag.), and C. nemorésa. 
the species grow freely in light rich 
soil, and are readily increased by 
cuttings, suckers, or seeds, which 
All | 
in favorable seasons are produced | 
in abundance. 
Cuermes, or Kermes.—A scale- 
like insect that raises a kind of gall- 
apple on a species of Oak (Quéreus 
coccifera), and which produces a 
brilliant scarlet dye. The true 
Chermes is a kind of Coccus; but | 
the name was applied by Linneus 
to a genus of leaping insects known 
by the popular name of false Aphides, 
because the larve resemble those 
insects; though, in their perfect 
s'ate, they have red bodies, and 
long snow-white wings. 
sects, which are now called Psylla, 
are generally found on plants of the 
genus Pyrus; and they may be 
known to have attacked a tree by 
the curling up of its leayes, and 
These in- | low. 
by the frost. They thrive in almost 
any soil, but prefer a mixture of 
loam and peat They are readily 
increased by layers, and cuttings 
of the young wood, which, planted 
in sand under a bell-glass, strike 
freely. The large-flowered variety 
has darker and handsomer flowers, 
but they are less fragrant. 
€ una Aster.—See Catuiste'- 
PHUS. 
Curna Rose.—See Ro'sa. 
Cuina Tree.--TheOriental Plane. 
Curinquarin.—Dwarf Chestnut. 
Cutona'ntTHus.—Oleine.—C. vi- 
rignica, the Fringe Tree, is a large 
shrub, well deserving a place in all 
peat-borders, both for the beauty of 
its white fringe-like flowers, and 
for its leaves, which are often as 
large as those of Magnolia grandi- 
flora, and die off of a fine rich yel- 
It is readily increased by 
layers or seeds, and it may also be 
grafted or budded standard high on 
the common Ash, when it will form 
a fine object for a lawn, or for the 
centre of a flower-bed. 
