CITRUS. 
158 
CLARKIA. 
} 
raria have nearly all yellow fiowers, 
and many of them are natives of 
Europe. They should be grown 
in rather light soil, and they are 
propagated by division of the root. 
C. aurea, with golden yellow flowers, 
a native of Siberia, is one of the | 
handsomest species. Professor De 
Candolle, in his late arrangement of 
the Composite, has removed all 
the purple-flowered species formerly | 
included in the genus Cineraria, to 
Senecio. 
Circz’s. — Onagricee. — En- 
chanter’s Nightshade. A _ pretty 
little British plant, growing in any | 
soil and situation. 
Ci'stus.—Cistinee. —The Rock 
Rose. Beautiful hardy and half- 
hardy shrubs, which grow freely in 
a mixture of loam and peat, and are 
readily increased by cuttings planted | 
under a hand-glass, layers, or seeds, | 
which are ripened in abundance. 
Most of the species are of low 
growth, and are generally used for 
rockwork ; but some are tall hand- 
some shrubs, such as the Gum Cistus 
(C. cy'prius and C. ladaniferus), 
and the purple-flowered Cistus (C. 
purptreus). The dwarf kinds being 
generally rather tender, will require 
a slight protection during severe 
winters, when they are planted out 
on rockwork. 
Ci'trus, L.— Aurantidcea.—The 
genus Citrus inciudes Oranges, Le- 
mons, Limes, Citrons, Shaddocks, | 
&c., all well deserving cultivation, 
both for their flowers and their fruit, 
but of which only a few kinds of 
Oranges and Lemons are generally 
grown. ‘They all thrive well ina 
mixture of rich loam with a little 
rotten dung ; but great care is ne- 
cessary not to overpot them, or give 
them too much water when not in 
a growing state. On the Continent, 
they are indeed frequently kept 
during winter in a cellar, almost 
without either light or water, and 
brought into the open air during 
summer. ‘The different species and 
varieties are generally propagated 
by budding, grafting, and inarching 
‘on the. common Lemon, which 
| grows readily from seed. The best 
time to do this is in February and 
_March, when the grafts, &c., will 
take well, and in a very short time; 
_andif grafted on good strong stalks, 
they will make handsome plants by 
the autumn. As soon as the graft- 
ing or budding has been performed, 
| the plants should be set in a close 
frame on a moderate hotbed ; but 
not plunged into it, as, from the ten- 
derness of their roots, that might 
injure them. Oranges are also fre- 
quently raised from seeds; but un- 
less they are budded and grafted 
when about two years old, it will 
be many years before they flow 
Orange-trees may also be propaga- 
ted by cuttings, which are best of 
the old wood, struck in sand in a 
gentle bottom heat, and shaded. 
Plants raised in this manner flower 
and fruit much sooner than any 
others, but they scarcely ever attain 
a large size. [Both the Orange and 
Lemon are such favorites in this 
country, that scarcely a cottage, 
where a flower-pot or tub can be 
put in requisition, is without one or 
the other of these plants. From 
being placed in unsuitable soil and 
without proper drainage at the bot- 
tom of the pots, they however sel- 
dom remain long in a good state of 
health. When they become sickly 
and yellow, they should be turned 
out of the pots, a large portion ot 
the old soil should be detached from 
the roots, and they should be repot- 
ted in a mixture of fine loamy soil 
and rotten manure, with about one- 
fourth of charcoal dust, or powdered 
charcoal.—Eb. | 
Cra/rK1A.—Onagrdcee.—Beauti- 
ful hardy annuals, with rose-colour- 
ed, white, and purple flowers, na- 
tives of California, requirmg the 
same treatment as the other Cali- 
