opt tea” 
FEDIA. 205 FENCES. 
Evernastineg Pea—Sce La’tuy-| ures we see of the Cornucopia, or 
RUS. | Horn of Plenty. It is an annual, 
Exocens.—Dicotyledonous plants. | and the seeds only require sowing 
The exogenous plants have received | in the open border. 
uneir name because the new wood} Fences for flower-gardens and 
of their trees and shrubs is deposit- | shrubberies, are either such as are 
ed on the outside of the old wood, | intended to be invisible, or, more 
one layer being deposited every | properly, not acknowledged,—such 
year. ‘Thus the age of a tree may|as barriers of wire, or, light iron 
be counted by the number of its| rods, and sunk fences; or such as 
layers, shown by its wood when} are intended to be acknowledged, 
the trunk is cut down. The soil | and to form part of the landscape, 
in which the tree was grown, and|—such as architectural parapets 
even the weather in the different | and hedges. Wire fences are com- 
years, may be guessed in the same | monly formed of light iron posts or 
manner; as the layers of trees) stakes, through holes in which are 
grown in rich valleys are much | stretched stout wires, or slender iron 
thicker than those of trees grown| rods; or they are formed of light 
in poor soils on mountams; and_/| iron hurdles,—that is, separate iron- 
the layers deposited in damp coldj| frames, which are placed end to 
summers are thicker than those of | end, and can be removed at plea- 
dry, warmseasons. Whentreeshave | sure. In forming wire fences of 
grown in a wood, with one side of| stakes and iron wires, there is no 
the trunk fully exposed to the sun, | difficulty when the line of direction 
and the other shaded by the other | is perfectly straight, or consists of a 
trees, a difference is very perceptible | number of straight lines joined to- 
in the layers. Exogenous trees! gether; but when the direction is 
have medullary rays in their wood, | curvilinear, some attention is re- 
and leaves with reticulated veins. | quisite to fix the posts in such a 
All the forest-trees of Britain, and| manner as to permit the wires, 
other temperate climates, belong to| which pass through holes in them, 
this class. to be drawn quite tight. To admit 
of this being done, each post must 
F be fixed into a piece of wood or 
: stone, and supported by a brace on 
the concave side of the curve; and 
Fan Patm.— See Dwarr Fan | both the block and the brace must 
Pam. be buried so far under the soil as 
Featuer Grass.—Stipa pinnata. | not to be seen. Iron, or wire hur- 
—A beautiful kind of grass, well| dles, are too well known to require 
worth growing to form tufts in flow- | description. When either hurdles 
er borders, from its feathery light-| or fences, composed of posts and 
ness and graceful habit of growth.| rods of wire, are intended to keep 
It should be grown in light rich| out hares and rabbits, the lower 
soil; and it is propagated by seeds, | parts of them, to about the height 
or dividing the roots. of two feet, require finer wires to be 
Fe‘pia.— Valeridne@e.—Horns.— | fixed to them, in an upright direc- 
F. cornucopie, formerly considered | tion, at about three inches apart. 
to belong to the genus Valeriana,| Architectural fences are used in 
is a coarse-growing, weedy-looking | small gardens, close to the house ; 
plant, with pink flowers, and curi-| and they should generally be low 
ous seed-pods, shaped like the fig- | walls, of open work, in the style of 
18 
