JUSSIEUA. 263 
evergreen, sometimes found in the 
form of a low bush, and at others 
in that of a conical tree, like the 
Cypress. It bears clipping, makes 
excellent garden hedges, and was 
formerly cut into a great variety 
of shapes. The fruit is used through- 
out Europe to flavor ardent spirits 
(the spirit called Hollands being 
made from it), and the wood is 
burned in ovens or kilns to flavour 
dried beef, hams, or fish. J. vir- 
ginidna, the Red Cedar, is one of 
the most common of small ever- 
green trees, or large shrubs. It is 
raised from seeds, and the male and 
female plants being of ‘different 
sizes, the individuals vary exceed- 
ingly, in form and their manner of 
growth; so that a number of plants 
of this species may exist in a shrub- 
bery or pleasure-ground, and yet 
not two of them be alike. J. ex- 
célsa is a tall, Cypress-lke shrub, 
or low tree, very hardy and very 
ornamental. J. recurva, a native 
of Nepaul, is a very elegant plant, 
with drooping shoots, well adapted 
for cemeteries. It is one of the 
hardiest of the species, and thrives 
even in the smoke of London. J. 
Sabina, the common Savin, is one 
of our most ancient garden shrubs, 
being almost the only coniferous 
evergreen planted in the time of 
Queen Elizabeth; and there are 
several varieties of this species, all 
of which are beautiful. The fra- 
grance of all the Junipers is resinous 
and refreshing, and many of the 
kinds are used in medicine. The 
wood used in making lead pencils 
is generally that of the red cedar; 
or of the Barbadoes Cedar, Cedréla 
odordta, which last is a stove-plant 
in England. ’ 
Juriver’s Bearp. — Anthy/llis 
Barba Jovis—An ornamental, low 
shrub, which will grow in any com- 
mon garden-soil, and is propagated 
by cuttings. 
dussizv‘a.— Onogradrie.— Aquatic 
KALMIA. 
shrubs, with large yellow flowers, 
resembling those of the Cinothera, 
or yellow evening primrose. Na- 
tives of South America, and only 
half-hardy in Britain. See Aqua- 
rium and WarTeErR Puants. 
Justi'c1a.—Acanthacee. — Stove 
plants, with showy and curious flow- 
ers. They require a rich hght soil, 
or a mixture of loam and peat; and 
flower freely with moderate care. 
They are propagated by cuttings, 
which strike readily in sand, under 
a hand-glass, and with bottom-heat 
K. 
Ka'tu1a.— Ericdcee.—The Cali- 
co Laurel. Low shrubs, with beau- 
tiful flowers ; natives of North Amer- 
ica. ‘They may be grown with per- 
fect safety in ‘the open air, or they 
may be kept in a greenhouse and 
forced, so as to flower in February. 
They are generally grown in peat 
earth, on account of their numerous, 
hair-like, fibrous roots; and they 
may be removed even when in flow- 
er, without injury, if sufficient care 
be taken. They are propagated by 
layers, or by seeds, which are re- 
ceived every year in large quanti- 
ties from America. The seeds 
should be sown in pots, in sandy 
peat, or heath-mould, as it is called ; 
and they should be very thinly cov- 
ered. When the plants come up, 
they should be transplanted into 
other pots, putting three in each, 
and they should not be removed to 
the open ground till they are five or 
six inches high. They should be 
planted out in sprmg—{Kalmia 
latifolia is the common Laurel of 
the United States, and is certainly 
one of the most beautiful of ever- 
greens, whetner we regard the deep 
verdure of its foliage, or the deli- 
cacy and abundance of its flowers. 
Those who would succeed in trans- 
planting it from its native woods 
