MATHIOLA. 
in pots, or sunk boxes, with reten- 
tive bottoms and sides so as to 
retain water. Where there is an 
aquarium, or pond for plants, it is 
very often surrounded with a broad 
border or margin of soil, raised a 
few inches above the level of the 
water in the pond, and which is 
kept moist by the exudation of the 
water. ‘To prevent the exudation 
from extending further than the 
border, the bottom and the outer 
margin are formed of masonry lined 
with clay. A very common mode, 
and one of the best, is to place the 
plants in pots or tubs, and to set 
these on supports in the water, so 
that the bottom of the pot or tub 
may be only a few inches covered 
by it. In this way the soil about 
the plant is kept sufficiently moist 
without the risk of any excess. 
Among Marsh Plants may be reck- 
oned the different kinds of Sedge, 
some of which are very ornament- 
al; the Buck Bean, the Water 
Violet, the Sweet-scented Rush, the 
Forget-me-not, the Marsh Bedstraw, 
and many others. 
Marracon Lity.—Those Lilies 
which have the segments of the 
perianth so completely turned back, 
as to form no bad representation of 
a Turk’s cap. In the midland 
counties these flowers are called 
Turn-again-gentlemen. For their 
culture see Li’Lrum. 
Marry’nta.— Pedalinee.—Half- 
hardy annuals, with very oily seeds, 
which require to be raised on a hot- 
bed, but which may be planted out 
in May. M. fragrans is the most 
beautiful. 
Marvet or Peru.—See Mira’st- 
LIS. 
Mastic Tree.—A kind of Pis- 
tacia tree, producing the gum mas- 
tic. 
Marnio'na. — Crucifere. — The 
_L Ten-week Stock is an annual which 
‘ should be raised on a hotbed, and 
transplanted into a very rich sandy 
283 
MAXILLARIA. 
loam in May. The remains of 
celery trenches which have been 
grown in a sandy or calcareous 
loam, form the best soil for Stocks 
of all kinds; but where this kind 
of soil cannot be obtained, sand 
or chalk, enriched with vegetable 
mould, will do extremely well. 
The finest Stocks I ever saw were 
in a garden at Greenhithe, the soil 
of which was chalk, and in Mrs. 
Humphrey’s garden at Shenstone, 
the soil of which was a loamy sand ; 
and though both these were bien- 
nial Stocks, the same soil would 
have grown the annual ones equal- 
ly well. Some of the finest Stocks 
in British gardens are from seed 
raised in Germany and Russia ; 
and the plants raised from this seed 
are called German and Russian 
Stocks. For the culture of the 
biennial species, see Brompron 
Sroces. 
Maura'npya. — Scrophularinee. 
—Elegant climbing plants, with 
beautiful dark blue or purple flow- 
ers, Which are rather tender, and 
are generally killed in winter if 
planted in the open ground. They 
do not require much room for their 
roots, and generally flower best in 
a pot, as their roots are so weak 
and delicate as easily to be killed 
by having coarse-growing plants 
nearthem. MM. Barelaydna thrives 
best in a pot with wires fixed in 
the rim for it to run over (see fig 
37 ;) and thus treated, it forms an 
extremely beautiful object in a bal- 
cony garden. All the Maurandyas 
should be grown in hight rich soil ; 
and they are increased by seeds or 
cuttings. 
Maxitra‘ria.—- Orchiddcee.— A 
very extensive genus of Epiphytes, 
some of which have their flowers 
hanging down from the roots, and 
are grown in baskets of moss, the 
husks of cocoa-nuts, or on pieces of 
wood with the bark on, or hung 
by wires to the rafters of the damp 
