PRUNELLA. 
planted in separate pots in sand un- 
der a glass, but not plunged in a 
hotbed; and the glass should be 
frequently taken off and wiped, as 
the cuttings are very apt to damp 
off. 
Prorectine. — As _ half - hardy 
plants, trained against a wall, are 
frequently much injured by what 
are called perpendicular frosts, a 
thatched or wooden coping, project- 
ing about two feet from the wall, 
will be found of the most essential 
service in protecting them. Such 
a coping, with a sprinkling of straw 
or dead leaves over the roots, anda 
hay-band twisted round the trunk 
of the tree, about a foct from the 
ground, to protect the collar of the 
plant, will be sufficient to protect 
even tender plants from all ordinary 
frosts. Standard plants may be 
protected by laying straw or dead 
leaves over the root, and covering 
them with a thatching of straw at- 
tached to the trunk of the tree, and 
sloping off widely at the base.— 
See Tuarcuine. Other coverings 
made of straw or rushes plaited 
and sewed together, or of osiers 
twisted like basket-work, may be 
used for smaller planis. One of 
these may be a kind of hurdle to 
protect plants against a wall; others 
may be used to put reund ‘he stems 
of young trees, and to v ver tree 
peonies, and other tall shrubs, with 
an opening on the side next the sun 
to admit the air and prevent damp; 
and others are small beehive-like 
covers for protecting geraniums or 
other g use-plants in the bor- 
ders. Sometimes a slight wire 
frame is used like that shown in fig. 
44, which may be covered with a 
mat. A frame of this kind is par- 
ticularly useful for the tree Peony. 
—(See the ApprEnpIx.) 
Proune'uua. — Labidie.— Herba- | 
339 
9 
PRUNING. = 
rock-work or geometrical flower- 
gardens. They should be grown 
in light rich soil; and they are in- 
creased by dividing the root 
€ 
Fig. 44.—Wire Frame. 
Pruninc ornamental trees and 
shrubs is seldom practised to much 
extent ; as all that is required is to 
cut out the dead wood and to pre- 
vent the shoots from growing out of 
|shape. To do this effectually, every 
lady ought to be provided with a 
| pair of pruning-shears, (see fig. 45,) 
Fig. 45.—Pruning Shears. 
/so contrived as to make what is 
| called a draw-cut, and thus not to 
bruise the wood or the bark so as 
_to prevent its uniting again smooth- 
ily. The cut should also be made 
| slanting to a bud, so as not to leave 
(a piece of dead wood projecting 
beyond the young shoot, which has 
always a very bad effect. Much of 
ceous plants with showy flowers, the beauty of a flower-garden de- 
natives of Europe and North Amer- pends on removing the dead roses 
ica, which are well adapted for! and other flowers as soon as they 
