SAND. 
grown in alight rich soil ; and they | 
are propagated by cuttings, division 
of the root, or sceds, which last 
nearly ail the species ripen in great 
abundance. There are above a 
hundred and fifty distinct species of 
Salvia, besides varieties. 
Sampac.—The Indian Jasmine. 
_ —See Jasminum. 
Samsu‘cus. — Caprifolidcee. — 
The Elder. The common Elder, 
Sambiicus nigra, is a low tree, sel- 
dom, if ever, exceeding twenty feet 
in height, and generally having the 
character of a shrub rather than 
that of a tree. 
ornamental, but there is a variety 
with cut leaves, S. 2. lacinidta, | 
The most | 
ornamental kind of Elder is, how- | 
which is very much so. 
ever, S. racemosa, with loose pani- 
cles of large dark scarlet berries, | 
which look like bunches of bright | 
All the different 
scarlet grapes. 
kinds of Elder thrive most in rich 
soil kept moist, and they are propa- 
gated by layers, cuttings, and seeds, 
which ripen freely. They are all | 
quite hardy, and require very little 
attention from the gardener. 
SaMPHIRE. — Crithmum mariti- 
mum.—A. British rock plant which 
grows on the sea-coast, and is used 
as a pickle. 
Samy‘pa. — Samy\dee. — Pretty | 
stove shrubs with very curiously- 
shaped flowers, natives of the West 
Indies. They should be grown in 
loam and peat, but they are rather 
difficult to cultivate. 
Sanp is an important article in | 
culture of | 
plants; and no good. garden, whe- | 
ther small or large, ought to be | 
Sand rela- | 
tively to gardening is of two kinds: | 
the propagation 
withe a stock of it. 
pure white silver sand free from 
ed matter and ferruginous par- 
cles, which is only found in parti- | 
cular situations ; and common brown 
or gray sand which is found in pits 
_ either with or without gravel, and 
364 
The species is not | 
x 
SAND. 
on the shores of rivers or the sea. 
: The first kind of sand is used for 
striking heaths, and other plants 
difficult to root Wines, and also 
for mixing with peat for growing 
the more tender kinds of house 
plants. ‘This sand 1s procured in 
abundance in the neighbourhood of 
London and Paris from pits; but 
throughout the country in general, 
it is chiefly to be found mixed with 
peat, and forming what is called 
heath soil on the surface of heaths 
_or commons. In these situations 
this sand, from being exposed alter- 
nately to the air, the sun, and the 
/action of rain, becomes white by 
bleaching, and is indispensable to 
the gardener; but when it exists 
in heath soil in a sufficient propor- 
‘tion for growing plants, pure sand 
is only wanted by the gardener for 
striking cuttings. It is, however, 
so useful for this purpose, that a 
quantity of it ought to be procured 
_and carefully kept in a box where 
it will not be mixed with other soil, 
by every person who grows plants 
| 1n pots. 
Common coarse sand is used for 
striking the commoner kinds of 
plants either by cuttings or layers ; 
it is also used for placing under 
| bulbs when planting them, and in 
general for mixing with soil of dif- 
'ferent kinds with a-view to render 
it more free and pervious to water. 
| This description of sand may be 
procured in almost every part of the 
country :,and it is only necessary 
te guard against pit-sand which is 
of a rusty brown, and consequently 
sea sand which is necessarily im- 
pregnated with salt. By mixing 
irony sand with quicklime in a state 
of powder, the iron may be neu- 
tralized ; but this operation requires 
a year or two to effect it, besides the 
expense of the lime, and the neces. 
sity of separating it afterwards by 
isifting. Saline sand may be ren- 
strongly impregnated with iron, and “ 
™~ 
- 
% 
" 
¢ 
oo 
s 
. - 
BAP 
